AGATA中散射中子的识别和剔除
Identification and rejection of scattered neutrons in AGATA
摘要：
252 Cf自发裂变后释放的伽马射线和中子是在意大利国立科学院的AGATA实验中测量的。该装置由四个AGATA三重簇探测器（12个36倍分段高纯度锗晶体），放置在距离源50厘米，和16个HELENA BaF2探测器。该实验的目的是研究中子在AGATA的分段式高纯锗探测器中的相互作用，并研究用伽马射线跟踪技术区分中子和伽马射线的可能性。BaF2探测器用于飞行时间测量，这给出了中子和伽马射线的独立区分，并用于优化基于伽马射线跟踪的中子抑制方法。有人发现，标准的伽马射线跟踪，没有任何额外的中子排斥功能，有效地消除了大部分的相互作用点，由于反冲Ge核弹性散射后的中子。标准的追踪也拒绝了大量的事件，由于非弹性散射的中子在锗晶体。通过对以下量设置条件来获得中子排斥的进一步增强，这些量通过跟踪算法针对每个事件进行评估：第一和第二相互作用点的能量、伽马射线的计算入射方向的差异、品质因数值。中子排斥跟踪的实验结果与Geant 4模拟结果吻合较好。
英文摘要：
Gamma rays and neutrons, emitted following spontaneous fission of 252Cf, were measured in an AGATA experiment performed at INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro in Italy. The setup consisted of four AGATA triple cluster detectors (12 36-fold segmented high-purity germanium crystals), placed at a distance of 50 cm from the source, and 16 HELENA BaF2 detectors. The aim of the experiment was to study the interaction of neutrons in the segmented high-purity germanium detectors of AGATA and to investigate the possibility to discriminate neutrons and gamma rays with the gamma-ray tracking technique. The BaF2 detectors were used for a time-of-flight measurement, which gave an independent discrimination of neutrons and gamma rays and which was used to optimise the gamma-ray tracking-based neutron rejection methods. It was found that standard gamma-ray tracking, without any additional neutron rejection features, eliminates effectively most of the interaction points due to recoiling Ge nuclei after elastic scattering of neutrons. Standard tracking rejects also a significant amount of the events due to inelastic scattering of neutrons in the germanium crystals. Further enhancements of the neutron rejection was obtained by setting conditions on the following quantities, which were evaluated for each event by the tracking algorithm: energy of the first and second interaction point, difference in the calculated incoming direction of the gamma ray, figure-of-merit value. The experimental results of tracking with neutron rejection agree rather well with Geant4 simulations.
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