理想双行道上交通信号最优配时的对称破缺
Symmetry breaking in optimal timing of traffic signals on an idealized two-way street
摘要：
基于流体力学的简单物理模型长期以来一直被用于理解高速公路上的车辆交通流;然而，城市网格上的流动的易处理的分析模型尚未被广泛探索。在一个理想的世界里，交通信号将被定时，这样当车辆到达时，连续的灯就会变成绿色，而不需要在每个街区停下来。不幸的是，这种“绿波”方案通常是不可行的，因为在不同方向上移动的交通的竞争需求所施加的挫折。到目前为止，这通常通过数值模拟和优化来解决。在这里，我们开发了一个理论的流量在一个理想化的系统组成的一个长的双向道路与周期性的交叉口。我们表明，最佳信号配时可以理解的分析，并有反直观的不对称解决方案，这个信号协调问题。我们进一步探讨了这些理论解决方案如何随着交通条件的变化和汽车密度的增加而退化。
英文摘要：
Simple physical models based on fluid mechanics have long been used to understand the flow of vehicular traffic on freeways; analytically tractable models of flow on an urban grid, however, have not been as extensively explored. In an ideal world, traffic signals would be timed such that consecutive lights turned green just as vehicles arrived, eliminating the need to stop at each block. Unfortunately, this "green wave" scenario is generally unworkable due to frustration imposed by competing demands of traffic moving in different directions. Until now this has typically been resolved by numerical simulation and optimization. Here, we develop a theory for the flow in an idealized system consisting of a long two-way road with periodic intersections. We show that optimal signal timing can be understood analytically and that there are counter-intuitive asymmetric solutions to this signal coordination problem. We further explore how these theoretical solutions degrade as traffic conditions vary and automotive density increases.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
