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arXiv 1306.2308astro-ph.EP
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开普勒微透镜行星和视差

Kepler Microlens Planets and Parallaxes

Andrew Gould, Keith Horne

摘要:

开普勒对其他地球的探索还没有结束:它仍然有能力通过微透镜来描述冷的地球质量的行星,即使它的指向控制已经退化。如果开普勒望远镜指向银河系凸起,它可以进行微透镜行星的搜索,这将与地面调查几乎不重叠。更重要的是,通过将开普勒观测与当前的地面调查相结合,人们可以测量大部分已知微透镜事件的“微透镜视差”π_E。这样的视差测量将产生绝大多数微透镜行星的质量和距离测定,使行星分布作为行星和宿主质量,行星-宿主分离和银河系位置(特别是凸起与盘)的函数的研究更加精确。此外,目前迷失在噪音中的罕见系统(如围绕褐矮星或黑洞运行的行星)将被清楚地识别出来。与开普勒目前主要搜寻近距离行星不同,它的微透镜行星将位于太阳系较冷的外部,通常在雪线之外。同样的调查将产生一个壮观的棕矮星双星目录,以独特的方式探测恒星质量函数,并且仍然有足够的时间用于星震学目标。

英文摘要:

Kepler's quest for other Earths need not end just yet: it remains capable of characterizing cool Earth-mass planets by microlensing, even given its degraded pointing control. If Kepler were pointed at the Galactic bulge, it could conduct a search for microlensing planets that would be virtually non-overlapping with ground-based surveys. More important, by combining Kepler observations with current ground-based surveys, one could measure the "microlens parallax" π_E for a large fraction of the known microlensing events. Such parallax measurements would yield mass and distance determinations for the great majority of microlensing planets, enabling much more precise study of the planet distributions as functions of planet and host mass, planet-host separation, and Galactic position (particularly bulge vs. disk). In addition, rare systems (such as planets orbiting brown dwarfs or black holes) that are presently lost in the noise would be clearly identified. In contrast to Kepler's current primary hunting ground of close-in planets, its microlensing planets would be in the cool outer parts of solar systems, generally beyond the snow line. The same survey would yield a spectacular catalog of brown-dwarf binaries, probe the stellar mass function in a unique way, and still have plenty of time available for asteroseismology targets.

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