PRISM（偏振辐射成像和光谱学任务）：关于微波和远红外天空终极偏振光谱成像的白皮书
PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission): A White Paper on the Ultimate Polarimetric Spectro-Imaging of the Microwave and Far-Infrared Sky
摘要：
PRISM（偏振辐射成像和光谱学飞行任务）是响应为确定欧空局科学方案中的L2和L3飞行任务而发出的白皮书呼吁而向欧空局提出的。PRISM将有两个仪器：（1）一个带有3.5米反射镜的成像仪（冷却到4K，以获得远红外线的高性能-即在CMB黑体光谱的维恩部分），和（2）一个傅里叶变换光谱仪（FTS），有点像COBE FIRAS仪器，但灵敏度高出三个数量级。新科学的亮点（超出了膨胀期间产生的重力波的B模式的明显目标），这两个仪器协同工作使之成为可能，包括：（1）终极星系团巡天，收集10 e6星系团，并测量它们的特殊速度和温度（通过kSZ效应和对经典y畸变谱的相对论修正，（2）详细研究了由目前尚未解决的尘埃高z星系组成的宇宙红外背景（CIB）的性质，宇宙中大多数恒星形成的地方，（3）寻找完美的CMB黑体光谱的扭曲，这将探测大量否则无法获得的效应（例如，通过衰变的暗物质释放能量，即非常小尺度上的原始功率谱，由于Silk阻尼的消除和来自更大长度尺度的非线性功率级联的污染，今天的测量是不可能的）。这些只是PRISM使新科学成为可能的几个亮点。
英文摘要：
PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) was proposed to ESA in response to the Call for White Papers for the definition of the L2 and L3 Missions in the ESA Science Programme. PRISM would have two instruments: (1) an imager with a 3.5m mirror (cooled to 4K for high performance in the far-infrared---that is, in the Wien part of the CMB blackbody spectrum), and (2) an Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) somewhat like the COBE FIRAS instrument but over three orders of magnitude more sensitive. Highlights of the new science (beyond the obvious target of B-modes from gravity waves generated during inflation) made possible by these two instruments working in tandem include: (1) the ultimate galaxy cluster survey gathering 10e6 clusters extending to large redshift and measuring their peculiar velocities and temperatures (through the kSZ effect and relativistic corrections to the classic y-distortion spectrum, respectively) (2) a detailed investigation into the nature of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) consisting of at present unresolved dusty high-z galaxies, where most of the star formation in the universe took place, (3) searching for distortions from the perfect CMB blackbody spectrum, which will probe a large number of otherwise inaccessible effects (e.g., energy release through decaying dark matter, the primordial power spectrum on very small scales where measurements today are impossible due to erasure from Silk damping and contamination from non-linear cascading of power from larger length scales). These are but a few of the highlights of the new science that will be made possible with PRISM.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
