研究了两种可育栎（Quercus petraea（Matt.）亲爱的and Q. robur L.）使用小的微卫星标记
Detecting interspecific and geographic differentiation patterns in two interfertile oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Q. robur L.) using small sets of microsatellite markers
摘要：
对两种可互作的栎属物种--两个物种之间的基因流动、局部适应和一般的物种形成过程可能会在整个基因组中留下不同的分子特征。从三个生态不同的地区，一个在中欧（德国西南部）和两个在巴尔干半岛（希腊和保加利亚）的三个种间对自然种群进行了采样。高信息量SSR位点的筛选是根据它们所表达的变异成分-种间或种源特异性进行的。基于FST对种源和种源判别位点进行了表征。基因座特异性FST测试的偏差从中性的预期内和物种之间。然后在遗传结构的贝叶斯分析中单独处理数据。利用3个物种判别位点，对推断的物种类群具有较高的隶属概率。另一方面，基于5个种源判别基因座的遗传结构分析与地理区域相关，揭示了相邻Q. petraea和Q.强壮。小套高度可变的核SSR足以区分，无论是物种之间或种源之间。从而为物种和种源的分子鉴定提供了一种有效的工具。此外，数据表明，基因流动和自然选择的结合形成了这些多样性模式。物种判别位点可能代表受定向选择〈动〉<动>影响的基因组区域，从而维持物种的同一性。种源特异性位点可能代表了种间基因流较高的基因组区域和对当地环境因子的共同适应模式。
英文摘要：
Genetic analysis was carried out in order to provide insights into differentiation among populations of two interfertile oak species, Quercus petraea and Quercus robur. Gene flow between the two species, local adaptations and speciation processes in general, may leave differential molecular signatures across the genome. Three interspecific pairs of natural populations from three ecologically different regions, one in central Europe (SW Germany) and two in the Balkan Peninsula (Greece and Bulgaria) were sampled. Grouping of highly informative SSR loci was made according to the component of variation they express - interspecific or provenance specific. Species and provenance discriminant loci were characterized based on FSTs. Locus specific FSTs were tested for deviation from the neutral expectation both within and between species. Data were then treated separately in a Bayesian analysis of genetic structure. By using three species discriminant loci, high membership probability to inferred species groups was achieved. On the other hand, analysis of genetic structure based on five provenance discriminant loci was correlated with geographic region and revealed shared genetic variation between neighbouring Q. petraea and Q. robur. Small sets of highly variable nuclear SSRs were sufficient to discriminate, either between species or between provenances. Thus, an effective tool is provided for molecular identification of both species and provenances. Furthermore, data suggest that a combination of gene flow and natural selection forms these diversity patterns. Species discriminant loci might represent genome regions affected by directional selection, which maintains species identity. Provenance specific loci might represent genome regions with high interspecific gene flow and common adaptive patterns to local environmental factors.
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