多孔碳在离子液体中的非等轴电荷膨胀
Anisometric Charge Dependent Swelling of Porous Carbon in an Ionic Liquid
摘要：
首次采用原位电化学膨胀法研究了多孔碳电极在纯离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐中的膨胀行为。对于单个电极，相对于零电荷电势的-2V和+2V的施加电势分别导致1.8%和0.5%的最大应变。在循环伏安法期间，特征膨胀行为强烈地取决于扫描速率，增加的扫描速率导致膨胀的降低。计时电流法用于测定平衡比电容和膨胀。得到的应变与累积电荷的关系可以用一个简单的二次函数拟合。当用离子体积和平均孔径的比率对表面电荷进行归一化时，阴极和阳极膨胀数据在一条抛物线上崩溃。当极性从正切换到负时，在高度变化中也存在瞬时尖峰，这在将电势从负改变到正时没有观察到，指示离子的大小和形状影响膨胀行为。
英文摘要：
In situ electrochemical dilatometry was used to study, for the first time, the expansion behavior of a porous carbon electrode in a pure ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-tetrafluoroborate. For a single electrode, an applied potential of -2 V and +2 V against the potential of zero charge resulted in maximum strain of 1.8 % and 0.5 %, respectively. During cyclic voltammetry, the characteristic expansion behavior strongly depends on the scan rate, with increased scan rates leading to a decrease of the expansion. Chronoamperometry was used to determine the equilibrium specific capacitance and expansion. The obtained strain versus accumulated charge relationship can be fitted with a simple quadratic function. Cathodic and anodic expansion data collapses on one parabola when normalizing the surface charge by the ratio of ion volume and average pore size. There is also a transient spike in the height change when polarity is switched from positive to negative that is not observed when changing the potential from negative to positive indicating the size and the shape of the ion is influencing the expansion behavior.
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