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arXiv 1306.1059math.STstat.TH
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有效后选择推理

Valid post-selection inference

Richard Berk, Lawrence Brown, Andreas Buja, Kai Zhang, Linda Zhao

摘要:

在统计数据分析中,通常的做法是执行数据驱动的变量选择并从结果模型中导出统计推断。当模型被先验地选择时,这种推断不享有经典统计理论为检验和置信区间提供的任何保证。我们建议产生有效的“后选择推理”减少问题的同时推理,从而适当扩大传统的信心和保留间隔。所有子模型中作为系数估计值出现的所有线性函数都需要同时性。通过为所有可能的子模型购买“可靠性保险”,由此产生的选择后推断在所有可能的模型选择程序下都是普遍有效的。因此,这个推论对于特定的选择程序通常是保守的,但它总是比完全Scheffe保护更保守。重要的是,它不依赖于所选子模型的真实性,因此即使在错误的模型中,它也会产生有效的推理。我们描述了同时推理问题的结构,并给出了一些渐近结果。

英文摘要:

It is common practice in statistical data analysis to perform data-driven variable selection and derive statistical inference from the resulting model. Such inference enjoys none of the guarantees that classical statistical theory provides for tests and confidence intervals when the model has been chosen a priori. We propose to produce valid ``post-selection inference'' by reducing the problem to one of simultaneous inference and hence suitably widening conventional confidence and retention intervals. Simultaneity is required for all linear functions that arise as coefficient estimates in all submodels. By purchasing ``simultaneity insurance'' for all possible submodels, the resulting post-selection inference is rendered universally valid under all possible model selection procedures. This inference is therefore generally conservative for particular selection procedures, but it is always less conservative than full Scheffe protection. Importantly it does not depend on the truth of the selected submodel, and hence it produces valid inference even in wrong models. We describe the structure of the simultaneous inference problem and give some asymptotic results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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