解析氘康普顿散射I：具有极化初态的可观测量
Dissecting Deuteron Compton Scattering I: The Observables with Polarised Initial States
摘要：
本文介绍了一套完整的线性无关的观测量在康普顿散射与任意极化的真实光子离开任意极化自旋1目标，为的情况下，最终状态的极化没有测量。采用广泛使用的一个，例如在氘核光解离，它包括18项：非偏振截面，光束不对称性，4个目标不对称性和12个不对称性，其中光束和目标都是偏振的。他们表示的螺旋度振幅和-在可用的情况下-相关的观测值由其他作者讨论。作为对氘核康普顿散射的应用，在Delta（1232）动力学自由度为$e^2δ^3$阶的手征有效场论中研究了它们对核子标量极化率和自旋偶极极化率的依赖性.一些不对称性仅对一个或两个偶极极化率敏感，这使得它们对于实验研究特别有吸引力。在100兆电子伏的光子能量，一组5个可观测的是确定的，其中一个可能能够提取的核子的自旋极化率。这些都是实验现实的，但具有挑战性，主要涉及张量极化氘核。相对于核子的康普顿散射，由于氘的D波分量和π-交换电流的干扰，对“混合”自旋极化率$γ_{E1M2}$和$γ_{M1E2}$的灵敏度增加。一个交互式的Mathematica 9.0笔记本，包含光子能量高达120 MeV的所有可观测量的结果，可从hgrie@ gwu. edu获得。注2017年5月/2018年4月：本arXiv版本介绍了文章，包括Errata Eur中的更正。Phys. J. A53（2017）113和A54（2018）57至同上A49（2013）100。这会影响Eqs。（2.12）至（2.14），图4、7至10、12、14至16、18至20、22和23以及相应的相关文本。
英文摘要：
A complete set of linearly independent observables in Compton scattering with arbitrarily polarised real photons off an arbitrarily polarised spin-1 target is introduced, for the case that the final-state polarisations are not measured. Adopted from the one widely used e.g. in deuteron photo-dissociation, it consists of 18 terms: the unpolarised cross section, the beam asymmetry, 4 target asymmetries and 12 asymmetries in which both beam and target are polarised. They are expressed by the helicity amplitudes and -- where available -- related to observables discussed by other authors. As application to deuteron Compton scattering, their dependence on the (isoscalar) scalar and spin dipole polarisabilities of the nucleon is explored in Chiral Effective Field Theory with dynamical Delta(1232) degrees of freedom at order $e^2δ^3$. Some asymmetries are sensitive to only one or two dipole polarisabilities, making them particularly attractive for experimental studies. At a photon energy of 100 MeV, a set of 5 observables is identified from which one may be able to extract the spin polarisabilities of the nucleon. These are experimentally realistic but challenging and mostly involve tensor-polarised deuterons. Relative to Compton scattering from a nucleon, sensitivity to the "mixed" spin polarisabilities $γ_{E1M2}$ and $γ_{M1E2}$ is increased because of interference with the D wave component of the deuteron and with its pion-exchange current. An interactive Mathematica 9.0 notebook with results for all observables at photon energies up to 120 MeV is available from hgrie@gwu.edu. Note May 2017/April 2018: This arXiv version presents the article including the corrections in the Errata Eur. Phys. J. A53 (2017) 113 and A54 (2018) 57 to ibid. A49 (2013) 100. This affects Eqs. (2.12) to (2.14), Figs. 4, 7 to 10, 12, 14 to 16, 18 to 20, 22 and 23, and the corresponding, related text.
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