小尺度液体流动中电磁诱导的可控旋转
Electro/Magnetically Induced Controllable Rotation In Small-scale Liquid Flow
摘要：
我们研究了在不可压缩流体中，通过电场和磁场产生旋转流的所有可能性。我们从一个一般的理论基础，并寻找不同的配置和设置，其中电/磁场和电流影响流体的涡度导致旋转的液体流动。我们假设稳态条件和与时间无关的电场和磁场作为体外扭矩。关于理论基础，我们提出了三个实验装置，其中通过施加场在流体上，产生旋转涡旋：（a）均匀电场和均匀电流，（b）均匀电流和非均匀磁场，和（c）非均匀电流和均匀磁场。第一个案例已经详细报道，命名为“液膜马达”。另外两种情况下的实验研究在这里的立方体和圆柱形细胞。通过PIV技术获得的旋转速度模式，并讨论了结果，并通过基于磁场对电流施加的扭矩的初步估计来证明。从角速度对电流的双对数曲线图中，得到了圆柱形和矩形几何形状的旋转流的非线性因子。
英文摘要：
We study all the possibilities of producing rotating flow in an incompressible fluid by electric and magnetic fields. We start with a general theoretical basis and look for different configurations and set-ups which electric/magnetic field and an electric current affect the vorticity of fluid resulting in rotation on liquid flow. We assume steady-state conditions and time-independent electric and magnetic fields as the external body torque. Regarding the theoretical basis, we propose three experimental set-ups in which by applying fields on a fluid, rotational vortices are produced: (a) a uniform electric field and a uniform electric current, (b) a uniform electric current and a non-uniform magnetic field, and (c) a non-uniform electric current and a uniform magnetic field. The first case has been reported in detail named "Liquid Film Motor". The two other cases are experimentally investigated here for a cubic an cylindrical cells. The rotational velocity patterns are obtained by PIV technique, and the results are discussed and justified by a preliminary estimation based on the torque exerted by magnetic fields on electric currents. From the log-log plot of angular velocity versus current, the non-linearity factors of the rotational flow for cylindrical and rectangular geometries are obtained.
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