范德华相互作用的因果性、普适性和有效场论
Causality, universality, and effective field theory for van der Waals interactions
摘要：
我们分析了任意短程相互作用加上1/r^6吸引尾的低能散射。我们推导出的因果关系和幺正性的约束，并发现范德华长度尺度占主导地位的参数表征的短距离物理的相互作用。这种尺度的分离表明，物理学中存在一个单独的普适性类，它表征了具有吸引性1/r^6尾的相互作用。我们认为，一个类似的普适类存在于任何吸引势1/r^{alpha}，当alpha >= 2。我们还讨论了磁费什巴赫共振附近的多通道系统的扩展。我们讨论了具有吸引奇异幂律尾的有效场论的意义。
英文摘要：
We analyze low-energy scattering for arbitrary short-range interactions plus an attractive 1/r^6 tail. We derive the constraints of causality and unitarity and find that the van der Waals length scale dominates over parameters characterizing the short-distance physics of the interaction. This separation of scales suggests a separate universality class for physics characterizing interactions with an attractive 1/r^6 tail. We argue that a similar universality class exists for any attractive potential 1/r^{alpha} for alpha >= 2. We also discuss the extension to multi-channel systems near a magnetic Feshbach resonance. We discuss the implications for effective field theory with attractive singular power law tails.
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