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arXiv 1303.5201astro-ph.SR
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赫歇尔对船底座星云复合体的远红外观测。- III:详细的云结构和反馈效果

Herschel far-infrared observations of the Carina Nebula Complex. - III: Detailed cloud structure and feedback effects

Veronica Roccatagliata, Thomas Preibisch, Thorsten Ratzka, Benjamin Gaczkowski

摘要:

船底座星云复合体(CNC)代表了我们银河系中最大的恒星形成区域之一,并显示出来自大质量恒星的强烈反馈。我们使用我们的Herschel FIR观测研究CNC整个区域的云的特性。Herschel地图的良好角分辨率对应于0.1 - 0.4 pc的物理尺度,并允许我们分析云的小尺度结构。用PACS和SPIRE从70到500微米绘制CNC的全部范围。我们通过对观测到的FIR SED进行建模来确定该图中每个点的温度和柱密度。我们还推导出一张显示紫外线场强度的地图。我们研究了云的性质与大质量恒星空间分布之间的关系,并计算了不同密度阈值下的云总质量。我们的赫歇尔地图第一次解决了致密云的小尺度结构。几个特别有趣的区域,包括埃塔车以南的突出支柱,进行了详细分析。我们比较来自赫歇尔数据的云质量以前的质量估计的基础上亚毫米和分子线数据。我们的地图还揭示了船底座星云北部的一种特殊的“波浪”状图案。最后,我们在我们的赫歇尔地图,这可能是分子云在银河系背景的外围特征两个突出的云复合体。我们发现CNC大部分地区的云的密度和温度结构是由大量大质量恒星的强烈反馈所控制的,而不是随机的湍流。将CNC与其他银河系恒星形成区的云质量和恒星形成率进行比较,表明CNC正在以一种特别有效的方式形成恒星。我们认为这是辐射云压缩引发恒星形成的结果。

英文摘要:

The Carina Nebula complex (CNC) represents one of the most massive star-forming regions in our Galaxy and shows strong feedback from the high massive stars. We use our Herschel FIR observations to study the properties of the clouds over the entire area of the CNC. The good angular resolution of the Herschel maps corresponds to physical scales of 0.1 - 0.4 pc, and allows us to analyze the small-scale structures of the clouds. The full extent of the CNC was mapped with PACS and SPIRE from 70 to 500 micron. We determine temperatures and column densities at each point in this maps by modeling the observed FIR SEDs. We also derive a map showing the strength of the UV field. We investigate the relation between the cloud properties and the spatial distribution of the high-mass stars, and compute total cloud masses for different density thresholds. Our Herschel maps resolve, for the first time, the small-scale structure of the dense clouds. Several particularly interesting regions, including the prominent pillars south of eta Car, are analyzed in detail. We compare the cloud masses derived from the Herschel data to previous mass estimates based on sub-mm and molecular line data. Our maps also reveal a peculiar "wave"-like pattern in the northern part of the Carina Nebula. Finally, we characterize two prominent cloud complexes at the periphery of our Herschel maps, which are probably molecular clouds in the Galactic background. We find that the density and temperature structure of the clouds in most parts of the CNC is dominated by the strong feedback from the numerous massive stars, rather than random turbulence. Comparing the cloud mass and the star formation rate derived for the CNC to other Galactic star forming regions suggests that the CNC is forming stars in an particularly efficient way. We suggest this to be a consequence of triggered star formation by radiative cloud compression.

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