耗散通道中光计数分布的阻尼规律
Damping law of photocount distribution in a dissipative channel
摘要：
对于由密度算符主方程控制的耗散通道} $dρ/dt=κ\left(2aρa^{\dagger}-a^{\dagger}aρ-ρa^{\dagger}a\right) ,$ { \small \我们发现时间的光计数分布公式} $t,$ { \small \} $p\left(n,t\right) =Tr\left\{ρ\left(t\right) \mathbf{\colon}\left(ξa^{\dagger}a\right) ^{n}e^{-ξa^{\dagger}a}/n!\colon \right\} ,$ { \small \变成} $p\left(n,t\right) =Tr% \left[ ρ\left(0\right) \mathbf{\colon}\left(ξe^{-2κt}a^{\dagger}a\right) ^{n}e^{-ξe^{-2κt}a^{\dagger}a}/n!\colon % \right] ,$ { \small \就像探测器的量子效率} $ξ$ { \small \变成} $ξe^{-2κt}$ {\这一定律大大简化了量子光场光计数分布的理论研究。
英文摘要：
For a dissipative channel governed by the master equation of density operator}$dρ/dt=κ\left(2aρa^{\dagger}-a^{\dagger}aρ-ρa^{\dagger}a\right) ,${\small \ we find that photocount distribution formula at time}$t,${\small \}$p\left(n,t\right) =Tr\left\{ρ\left(t\right) \mathbf{\colon}\left(ξa^{\dagger}a\right) ^{n}e^{-ξa^{\dagger}a}/n!\colon \right\} ,${\small \ becomes}$p\left(n,t\right) =Tr% \left[ ρ\left(0\right) \mathbf{\colon}\left(ξe^{-2κt}a^{\dagger}a\right) ^{n}e^{-ξe^{-2κt}a^{\dagger}a}/n!\colon % \right] ,${\small \ as if the quantum efficiency}$ξ${\small \ of the detector becomes}$ξe^{-2κt}${\ This law greatly simplifies the theoretical study of photocount distribution for quantum optical field.
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