非平衡棘轮计算
Computing with Non-equilibrium Ratchets
摘要：
在没有全局漏极偏置的情况下，通过整流远离热平衡的时间信号，电子棘轮将局部空间不对称性转换为定向电流。我们表明，漏极偏置的情况下，可以提供独特的能量计算的优势，特别是，减少静态耗散的逻辑电路。由于棘轮用作栅极电压控制的电流源，因此它还潜在地降低了与充电/放电电容器相关联的动态耗散。此外，独特的充电机制消除了对逻辑输入的定时相关约束，原则上允许绝热充电。我们计算了棘轮电流在经典和量子极限，并显示如何棘轮序列可以级联实现通用布尔逻辑。
英文摘要：
Electronic ratchets transduce local spatial asymmetries into directed currents in the absence of a global drain bias, by rectifying temporal signals that reside far from thermal equilibrium. We show that the absence of a drain bias can provide distinct energy advantages for computation, specifically, reducing static dissipation in a logic circuit. Since the ratchet functions as a gate voltage-controlled current source, it also potentially reduces the dynamic dissipation associated with charging/discharging capacitors. In addition, the unique charging mechanism eliminates timing related constraints on logic inputs, in principle allowing for adiabatic charging. We calculate the ratchet currents in classical and quantum limits, and show how a sequence of ratchets can be cascaded to realize universal Boolean logic.
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