点接触双连接超导体中电流的冻结和量子化
Freezing and quantization of current passing through a doubly connected superconductor with a point contact
摘要：
实验研究了直流电流通过双连接超导体（DCS）结构的细节，该超导体具有长度和临界电流不对称的分支。具有最低临界电流的短分支是长度与超导体的相干长度相当的钳位铌-铌点接触。与先前研究的短支路电流远大于相干长度的DCS相比，发现当短支路电流达到临界值时，DCS支路中的电流不发生自激振荡;当超过临界值的电流部分增加时，该电流进入长支路（被量化），并且当它随后被降低时，它在DCS电路中部分或完全冻结。
英文摘要：
The particulars of dc current passage through a structure consisting of a doubly connected superconductor (DCS) with branches that are asymmetric with respect to length and critical current have been investigated experimentally. The short branch, which has the lowest critical current, was a clamping niobium-niobium point contact with length comparable to the coherence length of the superconductor. In contrast to a previously studied DCS with a short branch much longer than the coherence length, it was found that when the short-branch current reaches the critical value the currents in the branches of the DCS do not undergo self-excited oscillations; a current exceeding the critical value enters the long branch when this current is increased in portions (is quantized), and when it is subsequently decreased it freezes partially or completely in the DCS circuit.
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