校准100年来的极斑测量：日光层磁场演化的意义
Calibrating 100 Years of Polar Faculae Measurements: Implications for the Evolution of the Heliospheric Magnetic Field
摘要：
虽然太阳的极地磁场被认为是了解11年太阳黑子周期的重要线索，包括观测到的振幅和周期的变化，但目前高质量的极地磁场测量数据库涵盖的太阳黑子周期相对较少。在本文中，我们通过整合威尔逊山天文台四次数据简化活动中的极斑数据来解决这一缺陷，通过与MDI强度图自动计算的光斑数据进行比较来验证它，并根据威尔科克斯太阳天文台进行的极场测量结果进行校准。使用MDI视线磁图计算的平均极场和总极通量。我们的研究结果表明，合并的极性光斑测量结果与极场和极通量的估计非常一致，使它们成为研究极磁场演化的理想代理。此外，我们结合这个数据库与太阳黑子面积的测量研究的作用，极磁通量的演变的日光层磁场（HMF）。我们发现，有一个很强的HMF和极通量之间的相关性，在太阳极小期，一起考虑，极通量和太阳黑子面积更好地解释在上个世纪的HMF的演变比太阳黑子面积。
英文摘要：
Although the Sun's polar magnetic fields are thought to provide important clues for understanding the 11-year sunspot cycle, including the observed variations of its amplitude and period, the current database of high-quality polar-field measurements spans relatively few sunspot cycles. In this paper we address this deficiency by consolidating Mount Wilson Observatory polar faculae data from four data reduction campaigns, validating it through a comparison with facular data counted automatically from MDI intensitygrams, and calibrating it against polar field measurements taken by the Wilcox Solar Observatory and average polar field and total polar flux calculated using MDI line-of-sight magnetograms. Our results show that the consolidated polar facular measurements are in excellent agreement with both polar field and polar flux estimates, making them an ideal proxy to study the evolution of the polar magnetic field. Additionally, we combine this database with sunspot area measurements to study the role of the polar magnetic flux in the evolution of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF). We find that there is a strong correlation between HMF and polar flux at solar minimum and that, taken together, polar flux and sunspot area are better at explaining the evolution of the HMF during the last century than sunspot area alone.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
