热毛细运动
Thermocapillary motion
摘要：
当液体有自由界面且受热不均匀时，除了重力对流外，还会出现另一种运动。这种运动是由于液体界面上的表面张力的梯度而产生的。有人建议称之为热毛细运动，类似于电毛细运动。本文发展了两种不同几何形状的热毛细运动理论：液体层和悬浮在另一种粘性介质中的液滴。对于这两种几何形状，假设不变形的接口，速度分布的发现和可行性的假设进行了讨论。据我们所知，这是第一次尝试从理论上考虑热毛细运动（KM & SB）。
英文摘要：
When the liquid has a free interface and is heated nonuniformly then besides the gravitational convection a different motion appears. This kind of a motion is originated because of a gradient of the surface tension over the liquid interface. It is suggested to call it a thermocapillary motion in analogy with an electrocapillary motion. The present paper develops a theory of thermocapillary motion for two distinct geometries: a liquid layer and a liquid drop suspended in another viscous medium. For both geometries, assuming the non-deformable interfaces, the velocity profiles are found and feasibility of the assumptions made is discussed. To our knowledge, this is a first ether attempt of theoretical consideration of the thermocapillary motion (KM & SB).
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