arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1302.6835cs.AI
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作用的概率演算

A Probabilistic Calculus of Actions

University of California, Los Angeles(加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校)

Judea Pearl

摘要:

我们提出了一个象征性的机器,承认一个给定的域的概率和因果关系的信息,并产生概率陈述的影响的行动和观察的影响。微积分允许两种类型的条件运算符:普通贝叶斯条件,P(y| X = x),它表示观察X = x,以及因果条件作用P(y| do(X = x)),读取通过故意动作保持X恒定(在x处)的条件下Y = y的概率。给定这样的观察和因果语句的混合物,以及因果图的拓扑结构,演算得出这两种类型的新的条件概率,从而使人们能够从部分指定的知识库中量化行动(和政策)的影响,例如贝叶斯网络,其中一些条件概率可能不可用。

英文摘要:

We present a symbolic machinery that admits both probabilistic and causal information about a given domain and produces probabilistic statements about the effect of actions and the impact of observations. The calculus admits two types of conditioning operators: ordinary Bayes conditioning, P(y|X = x), which represents the observation X = x, and causal conditioning, P(y|do(X = x)), read the probability of Y = y conditioned on holding X constant (at x) by deliberate action. Given a mixture of such observational and causal sentences, together with the topology of the causal graph, the calculus derives new conditional probabilities of both types, thus enabling one to quantify the effects of actions (and policies) from partially specified knowledge bases, such as Bayesian networks in which some conditional probabilities may not be available.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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