激光冷却的一氟化镭：新物理学的分子一体化探针
Lasercooled radium monofluoride: A molecular all-in-one probe for new physics
摘要：
使用双原子分子一氟化镭（RaF）作为一个多功能的分子探针的物理超越标准模型的特殊优势被突出。i）RaF先前被认为可能适合于用激光直接冷却。如在本工作中所示，RaF的能量最低的电子激发态是${}^{2}Π$对称性（与BaF相反），使得没有低洼的${}^{2}Δ$状态阻止有效的光学冷却循环。（2）计算了RaF电子基态中作用于未成对电子的有效电场，得到了对电子电偶极矩（eEDM）的最佳限制。（3）在外加磁场中，存在着相反宇称的自旋转动能级的有利交叉，这对于测量带有价中子的原子核的原子核重极矩是很重要的。因此，RaF目前似乎是最有吸引力的候选人之一，调查宇称奇，以及同时宇称和时间反转奇相互作用在分子物理领域。
英文摘要：
The particular advantages of using the diatomic molecule radium monofluoride (RaF) as a versatile molecular probe for physics beyond the Standard Model are highlighted. i) RaF was previously suggested as being potentially amenable to direct cooling with lasers. As shown in the present work, RaF's energetically lowest electronically excited state is of ${}^{2}Π$ symmetry (in contrast to BaF), such that no low-lying ${}^{2}Δ$ state prevents efficient optical cooling cycles. ii) The effective electric field acting on the unpaired electron in the electronic ground state of RaF is estimated larger than in YbF, from which the best restrictions on the electron electric dipole moment (eEDM) were obtained experimentally. iii) Favourable crossings of spin-rotational levels of opposite parity in external magnetic fields exist, which are important for the measurement of the nuclear anapole moment of nuclei with a valence neutron. Thus, RaF appears currently as one of the most attractive candidates for investigation of parity-odd as well as simultaneously parity- and time-reversal-odd interactions in the realms of molecular physics.
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