相干控制核态布居的三束装置
A three-beam setup for coherently controlling nuclear state population
摘要：
从理论上研究了用两束X射线激光脉冲控制原子核态布居转移。利用受激喇曼绝热通过的量子光学技术，激光脉冲驱动核三能级系统中的两个核跃迁，促进相干布居转移。为了克服目前的限制，x射线激光频率，我们设想加速核相互作用的两个共同传播或交叉的x射线激光脉冲在三束设置。我们提出了一个系统的研究，这种设置提供脉冲时间序列和激光脉冲强度的优化控制的核状态的人口。几何参数，如激光束的发散度的三束设置，以及为核束的速度扩展的公差进行了研究和双光子共振条件，以解释实验的不确定性推导。这一附加条件对三光束装置的实验实施提出了不太严格的要求。讨论了目前的实验技术水平和未来的发展前景。
英文摘要：
The controlled transfer of nuclear state population using two x-ray laser pulses is investigated theoretically. The laser pulses drive two nuclear transitions in a nuclear three-level system facilitating coherent population transfer via the quantum optics technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. To overcome present limitations of the x-ray laser frequency, we envisage accelerated nuclei interacting with two copropagating or crossed x-ray laser pulses in a three-beam setup. We present a systematic study of this setup providing both pulse temporal sequence and laser pulse intensity for optimized control of the nuclear state population. The tolerance for geometrical parameters such as laser beam divergence of the three-beam setup as well as for the velocity spread of the nuclear beam are studied and a two-photon resonance condition to account for experimental uncertainties is deduced. This additional condition gives a less strict requirement for the experimental implementation of the three-beam setup. Present experimental state of the art and future prospects are discussed.
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