量子引力中时空的消失与出现
Disappearance and emergence of space and time in quantum gravity
摘要：
我们在微观尺度上讨论了连续时空消失的暗示。这些包括在引力的量子理论中对它们的离散性或基本非定域性的争论。我们讨论了这些想法是如何实现在特定的量子引力的方法。然后把问题转过来，我们认为连续空间和时间的出现从量子空间的离散的，前几何原子的集体行为，并理解时空作为一种“凝聚”，我们提出的情况下，这个出现过程是一个相变的结果，被称为“几何发生”。我们讨论了这种情况下的一些概念性问题和一般的涌现时空的想法。作为一个具体的例子，我们概述了量子引力的GFT框架，并说明了在这个框架中时空出现的尝试性过程。最后，我们根据这个具体的例子，重新审视涌现时空场景所提出的概念问题。
英文摘要：
We discuss the hints for the disappearance of continuum space and time at microscopic scale. These include arguments for a discrete nature of them or for a fundamental non-locality, in a quantum theory of gravity. We discuss how these ideas are realized in specific quantum gravity approaches. Turning then the problem around, we consider the emergence of continuum space and time from the collective behaviour of discrete, pre-geometric atoms of quantum space, and for understanding spacetime as a kind of "condensate", and we present the case for this emergence process being the result of a phase transition, dubbed "geometrogenesis". We discuss some conceptual issues of this scenario and of the idea of emergent spacetime in general. As a concrete example, we outline the GFT framework for quantum gravity, and illustrate a tentative procedure for the emergence of spacetime in this framework. Last, we re-examine the conceptual issues raised by the emergent spacetime scenario in light of this concrete example.
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