真空微二极管THz空间电荷调制的可调谐性
Tunability of the THz space-charge modulation in a vacuum microdiode
摘要：
在一定条件下，真空微二极管中的空间电荷限制发射表现为具有规则尺寸和间隔的明确定义的电荷束。与该间隔对应的频率在太赫兹范围内。在这个计算研究中，它表明，对于一系列的参数，有利于产生太赫兹频率振荡，频率仅取决于冷阴极电场和发射极面积。对于给定尺寸的平面微二极管，调制频率可以通过简单地改变所施加的电势而容易地调谐。微二极管的模拟进行了84个不同的组合的发射极面积，施加的电压和间隙间距，使用分子动力学为基础的代码与精确的库仑之间的所有电子在真空间隙，这是100的顺序相互作用。研究发现，对于一个固定的发射极面积，脉冲训练的频率是完全依赖于真空电场在二极管，由一个简单的幂律描述。研究还发现，对于一个固定的电场值，频率随阴极上发射光斑尺寸的减小而增大。一些观察的光谱质量，以及它是如何影响的二极管中的间隙间距和电子的初始速度。
英文摘要：
Under certain conditions, space-charge limited emission in vacuum microdiodes manifests as clearly defined bunches of charge with a regular size and interval. The frequency corresponding to this interval is in the Terahertz range. In this computational study it is demonstrated that, for a range of parameters, conducive to generating THz frequency oscillations, the frequency is dependant only on the cold cathode electric field and on the emitter area. For a planar micro-diode of given dimension, the modulation frequency can be easily tuned simply by varying the applied potential. Simulations of the microdiode are done for 84 different combinations of emitter area, applied voltage and gap spacing, using a molecular dynamics based code with exact Coulomb interaction between all electrons in the vacuum gap, which is of the order 100. It is found, for a fixed emitter area, that the frequency of the pulse train is solely dependent on the vacuum electric field in the diode, described by a simple power law. It is also found that, for a fixed value of the electric field, the frequency increases with diminishing size of the emitting spot on the cathode. Some observations are made on the spectral quality, and how it is affected by the gap spacing in the diode and the initial velocity of the electrons.
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