关于健康和疟疾感染红细胞的双折射
On the birefringence of healthy and malaria-infected red blood cells
摘要：
我们已经探索了健康红细胞（RBC）的双折射如何在被疟疾寄生虫感染时发生变化。通过分析通过一个单一的，光学捕获的细胞传输的光的偏振特性，我们标定两种类型的双折射：形式的双折射，这取决于细胞的形状和固有的双折射，这是由寄生虫的存在所带来的。我们定量测量折射率的变化，因为正常的RBS被疟疾寄生虫感染。发现疟疾感染诱导细胞折射率的变化，其大小取决于疟疾感染的阶段;定量研究了这种变化，发现变化很大，范围为1.2至3 $\times10^{-2}$。我们的研究结果对非侵入性技术的开发和使用具有一定的意义，这些技术旨在量化伴随疟疾等疾病的病理状态引起的细胞特性变化。从更广泛的角度来看，来自我们基于陷阱的实验的信息可能会刺激物理学家开始理论和计算工作，这些工作与疾病诊断和治疗相关的细胞生物学问题有关。
英文摘要：
We have probed how the birefringence of a healthy red blood cell (RBC) changes as it becomes infected by a malarial parasite. By analyzing the polarization properties of light transmitted through a single, optically-trapped cell we demarcate two types of birefringence: form birefringence which depends on the shape of the cell and intrinsic birefringence which is brought about by the presence of the parasite. We quantitatively measure changes in the refractive index as normal RBS become infected by a malarial parasite. Malarial infections are found to induce changes in the cell's refractive index whose magnitude depends on the stage of malarial infection; such changes were quantitatively explored and found to be large, in the range 1.2 to 3$\times10^{-2}$. Our results have implications for the development and use of non-invasive techniques that seek to quantify changes in cell properties induced by pathological states accompanying diseases like malaria. From a broader prespective, information forthcoming from our trap-based experiments may stimulate physicists to initiate theoretical and computational efforts that have a bearing on cell biology issues related to diagnosis of diseases and therapeutics.
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