理解大都市的日常遭遇模式
Understanding metropolitan patterns of daily encounters
摘要：
对驱动我们日常面对面接触的机制的理解仍然有限;该领域缺乏描述个人行为及其集体互动的大规模数据集。然而，在这里，在旅行智能卡数据的帮助下，我们发现这样的遭遇机制和结构，通过构建一个时间分辨的车内社会遭遇网络的公共汽车在一个城市（约500万居民）。这是第一次发现和分析如此庞大的遭遇网络。使用人口规模的数据集，我们发现物理遭遇显示可重复的时间模式，表明重复的遭遇是定期和相同的。在个体尺度上，我们发现集体冲突支配着不同遭遇的有限性。个体的遭遇能力植根于他/她的日常行为规律，解释了日常生活中“熟悉的陌生人”的出现。令人惊讶的是，我们发现重复接触的个体并没有被分组为小社区，而是随着时间的推移变得紧密相连，从而形成了一个庞大但难以察觉的小世界接触网络或整个大都市地区的“共存结构”。揭示相遇模式和识别这种大规模的接触网络对于理解社会熟人模式、集体人类行为的动态，特别是揭示人类行为对各种扩散/传播过程的影响至关重要。
英文摘要：
Understanding of the mechanisms driving our daily face-to-face encounters is still limited; the field lacks large-scale datasets describing both individual behaviors and their collective interactions. However, here, with the help of travel smart card data, we uncover such encounter mechanisms and structures by constructing a time-resolved in-vehicle social encounter network on public buses in a city (about 5 million residents). This is the first time that such a large network of encounters has been identified and analyzed. Using a population scale dataset, we find physical encounters display reproducible temporal patterns, indicating that repeated encounters are regular and identical. On an individual scale, we find that collective regularities dominate distinct encounters' bounded nature. An individual's encounter capability is rooted in his/her daily behavioral regularity, explaining the emergence of "familiar strangers" in daily life. Strikingly, we find individuals with repeated encounters are not grouped into small communities, but become strongly connected over time, resulting in a large, but imperceptible, small-world contact network or "structure of co-presence" across the whole metropolitan area. Revealing the encounter pattern and identifying this large-scale contact network are crucial to understanding the dynamics in patterns of social acquaintances, collective human behaviors, and -- particularly -- disclosing the impact of human behavior on various diffusion/spreading processes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
