螺旋星系NGC 300中的行星状星云和HII区域。丰度梯度演化和AGB核合成的线索
Planetary nebulae and HII regions in the spiral galaxy NGC 300. Clues on the evolution of abundance gradients and on AGB nucleosynthesis
摘要：
我们获得了邻近旋涡星系NGC 300中26个行星状星云（PNe）和9个致密HII区的深谱，并与以前观测到的巨大HII区的深谱一起进行了分析。我们以一致的方式确定了所有这些物体的物理性质及其He、N、O、Ne、S和Ar丰度。我们发现，在全球范围内，紧凑的HII区域的丰度比类似的巨型HII区域，而PNe系统较大的N/O比和类似的Ne/O和Ar/O比。我们证明了PNe中氮的增强不能仅仅是由于祖星的第二次疏浚，因为它们的初始质量约为2- 2.5\，\msun。需要一个额外的混合过程，也许是由恒星旋转驱动的。关于径向丰度分布，PNe表现出不同的HII区域：在星系的中心部分，其平均O/H丰度比小0.15 dex。它们在任何银河系中心半径处的丰度离散度都明显大于HII区的丰度离散度，其中许多在相同的银河系中心距离处的O/H值都高于HII区。这表明不仅氮，而且氧也受到PN祖细胞核合成的影响，其数量至少取决于恒星的旋转速度和其他参数。PNe区的O/H、Ne/H和Ar/He丰度梯度明显小于HII区。我们认为，这表明在NGC 300的金属丰度梯度在最后Gyr陡峭，而不是径向恒星运动的影响，虽然大的分散观察到这个结论只是试探性的。
英文摘要：
We have obtained deep spectra of 26 planetary nebulae (PNe) and 9 compact HII regions in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 300, and analyzed them together with those of the giant HII regions previously observed. We have determined the physical properties of all these objects and their He, N, O, Ne, S and Ar abundances in a consistent way. We find that, globally, compact HII regions have abundance ratios similar to those of giant HII regions, while PNe have systematically larger N/O ratios and similar Ne/O and Ar/O ratios. We demonstrate that the nitrogen enhancement in PNe cannot be only due to second dredge-up in the progenitor stars, since their initial masses are around 2--2.5\,\msun. An extra mixing process is required, perhaps driven by stellar rotation. Concerning the radial abundance distribution, PNe behave differently from HII regions: in the central part of the galaxy their average O/H abundance ratio is 0.15 dex smaller. Their abundance dispersion at any galactocentric radius is significantly larger than that shown by HII regions and many of them have O/H values higher than HII regions at the same galactocentric distance. This suggests that not only nitrogen, but also oxygen is affected by nucleosynthesis in the PN progenitors, by an amount which depends at least on the stellar rotation velocity and possibly other parameters. The formal O/H, Ne/H and Ar/He abundance gradients from PNe are significantly shallower that from HII regions. We argue that this indicates a steepening of the metallicity gradient in NGC 300 during the last Gyr, rather than an effect of radial stellar motions, although the large observed dispersion makes this conclusion only tentative.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
