寻找正常金属环中持续电流的热特征
Searching for thermal signatures of persistent currents in normal metal rings
摘要：
我们介绍了一种量热的方法来探测正常金属环中的持续电流。通过纳米量热法在不同温度（60 mK、100 mK和150 mK）下在变化的磁场下测量了大的银环系综的热容。在温度振荡的相位信号中检测到相对于磁场的周期性振荡，但在振幅中没有检测到（它们两者都直接与热容相关）。这些振荡的周期（$Φ_0/2$，$Φ_0 = h/e$是磁通量量子）及其随温度的演化与理论预测一致。相比之下，相应的热容振荡（几个$k_{\mathrm{B}}$）的幅度比理论预测的大两个数量级。
英文摘要：
We introduce a calorimetric approach to probe persistent currents in normal metal rings. The heat capacity of a large ensemble of silver rings is measured by nanocalorimetry under a varying magnetic field at different temperatures (60 mK, 100 mK and 150 mK). Periodic oscillations versus magnetic field are detected in the phase signal of the temperature oscillations, though not in the amplitude (both of them directly linked to the heat capacity). The period of these oscillations ($Φ_0/2$, with $Φ_0 = h/e$ the magnetic flux quantum) and their evolution with temperature are in agreement with theoretical predictions. In contrast, the amplitude of the corresponding heat capacity oscillations (several $k_{\mathrm{B}}$) is two orders of magnitude larger than predicted by theory.
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