KRATTA，一个多功能的三重望远镜阵列，用于带电反应产物
KRATTA, a versatile triple telescope array for charged reaction products
摘要：
介绍了一种新的探测系统KRATTA，克拉科夫三望远镜阵列。这种多功能、低阈值、宽能量范围的系统已被建立来测量光带电反应产物的能量、发射角和同位素组成。它由38个独立的模块组成，可以以任意配置进行排列。一个单一的模块，积极覆盖约4.5 msr的立体角在40厘米的最佳距离，从目标，由三个相同的，0.500毫米厚，大面积的光电二极管，也用于直接检测，和两个CsI（1500 ppm Tl）晶体的2.5和12.5厘米的长度，分别。所有信号都经过数字处理。较低的识别阈值，由于第一光电二极管的厚度，已减少到约2.5 MeV的质子（约0.065毫米的硅当量），通过应用脉冲形状分析。脉冲形状分析还允许将来自中间光电二极管的复杂信号分解成它们的电离和闪烁分量，并利用单个读出通道获得令人满意的同位素分辨率。质子的能量上限约为260 MeV。整个装置很容易携带。它在2011年5月在GSI进行的ASY-EOS实验中表现非常好。利用400 MeV/核子的Au+Au碰撞实验结果描述了该阵列的结构和性能。
英文摘要：
A new detection system KRATTA, Kraków Triple Telescope Array, is presented. This versatile, low threshold, broad energy range system has been built to measure the energy, emission angle, and isotopic composition of light charged reaction products. It consists of 38 independent modules which can be arranged in an arbitrary configuration. A single module, covering actively about 4.5 msr of the solid angle at the optimal distance of 40 cm from the target, consists of three identical, 0.500 mm thick, large area photodiodes, used also for direct detection, and of two CsI(1500 ppm Tl) crystals of 2.5 and 12.5 cm length, respectively. All the signals are digitally processed. The lower identification threshold, due to the thickness of the first photodiode, has been reduced to about 2.5 MeV for protons (~0.065 mm of Si equivalent) by applying a pulse shape analysis. The pulse shape analysis allowed also to decompose the complex signals from the middle photodiode into their ionization and scintillation components and to obtain a satisfactory isotopic resolution with a single readout channel. The upper energy limit for protons is about 260 MeV. The whole setup is easily portable. It performed very well during the ASY-EOS experiment, conducted in May 2011 at GSI. The structure and performance of the array are described using the results of Au+Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon obtained in this experiment.
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