数值光学质心测量
Numerical Optical Centroid Measurements
摘要：
光学成像方法通常受限于瑞利衍射极限的探测光波长$λ_p$的量级的分辨率。可以通过利用具有有效波长$λ_p/N$的相关$N$ -光子状态的多光子检测来规避该限制。但是所需的$N$ -光子探测通常使这些方案不切实际。为了克服这个限制，最近，已经提出了所谓的光学质心测量（OCM），其用单光子探测器阵列代替多光子探测器。作为对已有近似解析结果的补充，我们通过对初始状态波函数的检测事件进行采样和分析，利用数值实验探索了该方法。这使我们能够定量研究的方法也超出了近似分析处理的约束，比较不同的检测策略，并分析其他类别的输入状态。
英文摘要：
Optical imaging methods are typically restricted to a resolution of order of the probing light wavelength $λ_p$ by the Rayleigh diffraction limit. This limit can be circumvented by making use of multiphoton detection of correlated $N$-photon states, having an effective wavelength $λ_p/N$. But the required $N$-photon detection usually renders these schemes impractical. To overcome this limitation, recently, so-called optical centroid measurements (OCM) have been proposed which replace the multi-photon detectors by an array of single-photon detectors. Complementary to the existing approximate analytical results, we explore the approach using numerical experiments by sampling and analyzing detection events from the initial state wave function. This allows us to quantitatively study the approach also beyond the constraints set by the approximate analytical treatment, to compare different detection strategies, and to analyze other classes of input states.
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