各向异性流真的是声学的吗？
Is anisotropic flow really acoustic?
摘要：
本文研究了$\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 2.76$ TeV Pb+Pb碰撞中宽横动量（$p_T$）和中心度（$\text{cent}$）范围内的带电强子流谐函数（$v_{n}$）及其比值$(v_n/v_2)_{n\geq 3}$.它们表明粘性阻尼的特征标度模式与碰撞中产生的等离子体中声传播的色散关系一致。这些缩放特性不仅是由特定剪切粘度（$η/s$）调制的各向异性膨胀的独特签名，它们还提供了松弛时间的基本约束、初始偏心率的两个主要模型之间的区别以及对初始几何模型不敏感的提取的$\left< η/s \right>$值。这些约束对于更精确地确定$η/s$可能是重要的。
英文摘要：
The flow harmonics for charged hadrons ($v_{n}$) and their ratios $(v_n/v_2)_{n\geq 3}$, are studied for a broad range of transverse momenta ($p_T$) and centrality ($\text{cent}$) in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 2.76$ TeV. They indicate characteristic scaling patterns for viscous damping consistent with the dispersion relation for sound propagation in the plasma produced in the collisions. These scaling properties are not only a unique signature for anisotropic expansion modulated by the specific shear viscosity ($η/s$), they provide essential constraints for the relaxation time, a distinction between two of the leading models for initial eccentricity, as well as an extracted $\left< η/s \right>$ value which is insensitive to the initial geometry model. These constraints could be important for a more precise determination of $η/s$.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
