绿色广播的最佳功率和范围自适应
Optimal Power and Range Adaptation for Green Broadcasting
摘要：
面对未来几年蜂窝网络中快速增长的数据流量，提高能源效率是网络提供商保持利润水平和可接受的碳足迹的关键。本文研究的节能概念是基站（BS）的发射功率电平和覆盖区域根据信道条件和业务负载的适应。蜂窝网络中的业务负载在空间和时间上都表现出显著的波动，这可以通过小区范围自适应来利用，以节省能量。在本文中，我们设计了短期和长期的BS功率控制（STPC和LTPC分别）的单小区系统，其中带宽是动态和平等地共享之间的随机数的移动用户（MU）的基于OFDMA的下行链路的政策。STPC是所有MU的信道增益的函数，其维持所需的用户级服务质量（QoS），而LTPC（包括BS开-关控制）是业务密度的函数，其在最小吞吐量约束下最小化BS处的长期能量消耗。我们首先开发一个功率缩放定律，其将BS处的（短期）平均发射功率与给定的小区范围和MU密度相关联。在此基础上，我们推导出最佳的（长期）传输自适应策略，考虑联合范围自适应和LTPC问题。通过识别的事实，即在BS的节能基本上来自两个主要的节能机制（ESM），即范围自适应和BS的开关功率控制，我们提出了低复杂度的次优方案与各种组合的两个ESM调查其对系统能耗的影响。结果表明，当网络吞吐量较低时，BS开关功率控制是最有效的ESM，而当网络吞吐量较高时，范围自适应变得更有效。
英文摘要：
Improving energy efficiency is key to network providers maintaining profit levels and an acceptable carbon footprint in the face of rapidly increasing data traffic in cellular networks in the coming years. The energy-saving concept studied in this paper is the adaptation of a base station's (BS's) transmit power levels and coverage area according to channel conditions and traffic load. The traffic load in cellular networks exhibits significant fluctuations in both space and time, which can be exploited, through cell range adaptation, for energy saving. In this paper, we design short- and long-term BS power control (STPC and LTPC respectively) policies for the OFDMA-based downlink of a single-cell system, where bandwidth is dynamically and equally shared among a random number of mobile users (MUs). STPC is a function of all MUs' channel gains that maintains the required user-level quality of service (QoS), while LTPC (including BS on-off control) is a function of traffic density that minimizes the long-term energy consumption at the BS under a minimum throughput constraint. We first develop a power scaling law that relates the (short-term) average transmit power at BS with the given cell range and MU density. Based on this result, we derive the optimal (long-term) transmit adaptation policy by considering a joint range adaptation and LTPC problem. By identifying the fact that energy saving at BS essentially comes from two major energy saving mechanisms (ESMs), i.e. range adaptation and BS on-off power control, we propose low-complexity suboptimal schemes with various combinations of the two ESMs to investigate their impacts on system energy consumption. It is shown that when the network throughput is low, BS on-off power control is the most effective ESM, while when the network throughput is higher, range adaptation becomes more effective.
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