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arXiv 1211.2691astro-ph.SR
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用超大望远镜观测白矮星冷却序列

On the white dwarf cooling sequence with extremely large telescopes

G. Bono, M. Salaris, R. Gilmozzi

摘要:

我们提出了新的诊断白矮星(WD)冷却序列和光度函数(LF)在近红外(NIR)波段,将利用未来的灵敏度和分辨率的超大望远镜。氢分子的碰撞诱导吸收(CIA)导致沿WD(WDBTO)冷却序列的清晰定义的蓝色关闭和WD LF中的明亮的次极大值。这些特征在广泛的年龄范围内与年龄无关,并且受金属丰度的影响最小。这意味着WDBTO的近红外幅度是非常有希望的距离指标。越来越多的大规模WD的冷却时间和CIA的发病之间的相互作用导致沿WD(WDRTO)冷却序列的红色关闭和WD LF中的一个明确的微弱的峰值。这些特征对星团年龄非常敏感,在10 ~ 14 Gyr年龄段,K波段暗峰的星等增加0.2--0.25 mag/Gyr。另一方面,在光学WD LF微弱的峰值增加0.17(V带)和0.15(I带)mag/Gyr在同一年龄范围内。此外,我们还建议使用主序列关闭与WDBTO(光学)或WDRTO(NIR)之间的幅度差异。这种年龄诊断也与距离和发红无关。K波段(0.15-0.20 mag/Gyr)的灵敏度平均比光学波段(0.10 [V波段],0.07 [I波段] mag/Gyr)的灵敏度高两倍。最后,我们还概述了使用新的诊断,以限制结晶后的CO相分离。

英文摘要:

We present new diagnostics of white dwarf (WD) cooling sequences and luminosity functions (LFs) in the near-infrared (NIR) bands that will exploit the sensitivity and resolution of future extremely large telescopes. The collision-induced absorption (CIA) of molecular hydrogen causes a clearly defined blue turn-off along the WD (WDBTO) cooling sequences and a bright secondary maximum in the WD LFs. These features are independent of age over a broad age range and are minimally affected by metal abundance. This means that the NIR magnitudes of the WDBTO are very promising distance indicators. The interplay between the cooling time of progressively more massive WDs and the onset of CIA causes a red turn-off along the WD (WDRTO) cooling sequences and a well defined faint peak in the WD LFs. These features are very sensitive to the cluster age, and indeed the K-band magnitude of the faint peak increases by 0.2--0.25 mag/Gyr for ages between 10 and 14 Gyr. On the other hand, the faint peak in the optical WD LF increases in the same age range by 0.17 (V band) and 0.15 (I band) mag/Gyr. Moreover, we also suggest to use the difference in magnitude between the main sequence turn-off and either the WDBTO (optical) or the WDRTO (NIR). This age diagnostic is also independent of distance and reddening. Once again the sensitivity in the K band (0.15-0.20 mag/Gyr) is on average a factor of two higher than in the optical bands (0.10 [V band], 0.07 [I band] mag/Gyr). Finally, we also outline the use of the new diagnostics to constrain the CO phase separation upon crystallization.

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