20号公路、7号高速公路和多头绒泡菌：在3D地形上用黏菌模拟USA和德国最长的道路
Route 20, autobahn 7 and Physarum polycephalum: Approximating longest roads in USA and Germany with slime mould on 3D terrains
摘要：
无细胞黏菌多头绒泡菌是一种肉眼可见的巨大单细胞。它表现出复杂的行为特征，在觅食的营养和发展的最佳运输网络的原生质管跨越营养来源。黏菌在平坦的基底上充分地近似于人造的运输网络。黏菌在三维地形上模仿人造交通网络的效果是否和在平面基质上一样好？我们将问题简化为单一运输路线的近似。在美国和德国的3D尼龙地形的实验室实验中，我们模仿了美国最长的公路20号公路和欧洲最长的国家高速公路7号高速公路的发展。我们发现，黏菌在3D地形上建立了更长的运输路线，与平面琼脂平板相比，仍然充分接近所研究的人造运输路线。我们讨论了营养物质放置在目的地网站如何影响性能的黏菌，模具如何导航海拔周围，并提供了一个自动机模型的黏菌，这可能会解释变异的原生质路线构建。我们还展示了在俄罗斯和英国的三维地形上用黏菌进行范围实验的结果。
英文摘要：
Acellular slime mould Physarum polycephalum is a monstrously large single cell visible by an unaided eye. It shows sophisticated behavioural traits in foraging for nutrients and developing an optimal transport network of protoplasmic tubes spanning sources of nutrients. The slime mould sufficiently approximates man-made transport networks on a flat substrate. Does slime mould imitate man-made transport networks on three-dimensional terrain as well as it does on a flat substrate? We simplified the problem to approximation of a single transport route. In laboratory experiments with 3D Nylon terrains of USA and Germany we imitated development of route 20, the longest road in USA, and autobahn 7, the longest national motorway in Europe. We found that slime mould builds longer transport routes on 3D terrains, comparing to flat agar plates yet sufficiently approximates man-made transport routes studied. We discuss how nutrients placed in destination sites affect performance of slime mould, how the mould navigates around elevations, and offer an automaton model of slime mould which might explain variability of the protoplasmic routes constructed. We also display results of scoping experiments with slime mould on 3D terrains of Russia and United Kingdom.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
