Models of natural supersymmetry seek to solve the little hierarchy problem by positing a spectrum of light higgsinos \lesssim 200 GeV and light top squarks \lesssim 500 GeV along with very heavy squarks and TeV-scale gluinos. Such models have low electroweak finetuning and are safe from LHC searches. However, in the context of the MSSM, they predict too low a value of m(h) and the relic density of thermally produced higgsino-like WIMPs falls well below dark matter (DM) measurements. Allowing for high scale soft SUSY breaking Higgs mass m_{H_u}> m_0 leads to natural cancellations during RG running, and to radiatively induced low finetuning at the electroweak scale. This model of radiative natural SUSY (RNS), with large mixing in the top squark sector, allows for finetuning at the 5-10% level with TeV-scale top squarks and a 125 GeV light Higgs scalar h. If the strong CP problem is solved via the PQ mechanism, then we expect an axion-higgsino admixture of dark matter, where either or both the DM particles might be directly detected.
Under the expectation that nature is natural, we extend the Standard Model to include SUSY to stabilize the electroweak sector and PQ symmetry to stabilize the QCD sector. Then natural SUSY arises from a Kim-Nilles solution to the SUSY mu problem which allows for a little hierarchy where mu ~ f_a^2/M_P ~ 100-300 GeV while the SUSY particle mass scale m(SUSY)~ 1-10 TeV >> mu. Dark matter then consists of two particles: a higgsino-like WIMP and a SUSY DFSZ axion. The range of allowed axion mass values m(axion) depends on the mixed axion-higgsino relic density. The range of m(axion) is actually r…
Supersymmetric models with radiatively-driven electroweak naturalness require light higgsinos of mass ~ 100-300 GeV. Naturalness in the QCD sector is invoked via the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) axion leading to mixed axion-higgsino dark matter. The SUSY DFSZ axion model provides a solution to the SUSY mu problem and the Little Hierarchy μ<< m_{3/2} may emerge as a consequence of a mismatch between PQ and hidden sector mass scales. The traditional gravitino problem is now augmented by the axino and saxion problems, since these latter particles can also contribute to overproduction of WIMPs or dark radiat…
The recent observations imply that there is an extra relativistic degree of freedom coined dark radiation. We argue that the QCD axion is a plausible candidate for the dark radiation, not only because of its extremely small mass, but also because in the supersymmetric extension of the Peccei-Quinn mechanism the saxion tends to dominate the Universe and decays into axions with a sizable branching fraction. We show that the Higgsino mixing parameter mu is bounded from above when the axions produced at the saxion decays constitute the dark radiation: mu \lesssim 300 GeV for a saxion lighter than …
In the post-LHC8 era, it is perceived that what is left of SUSY model parameter space is highly finetuned in the EW sector (EWFT). We discuss how conventional measures overestimate EWFT in SUSY theory. Radiatively-driven natural SUSY (RNS) models maintain the SUSY GUT paradigm with low EWFT at 10% level, but are characterized by light higgsinos ~100-300 GeV and a thermal underabundance of WIMP dark matter. Implementing the SUSY DFSZ solution to the strong CP problem explains the small μparameter but indicates dark matter should be comprised mainly of axions with a small admixture of higgsino-l…
We explore gauge coupling unification and dark matter in high scale supersymmetry where the scale of supersymmetry breaking is much above the weak scale. The gauge couplings unify as precisely as in low energy supersymmetry if the higgsinos, whose mass does not break supersymmetry, are much lighter than those obtaining masses from supersymmetry breaking. The dark matter of the universe can then be explained by the neutral higgsino or the gravitino. High scale supersymmetry with light higgsinos requires a large Higgs mixing parameter for electroweak symmetry breaking to take place. It is thus n…
We point out that there is a parameter region in supersymmetry with heavy scalars and higgsinos, in which the heavier of bino and wino becomes long-lived as a consequence of the heavy higgsinos. In this region these electroweak gaugino sectors are secluded from each other with very small mixings that are inversely proportional to the higgsino mass. We revisit the bino and bino decays and provide simple formulae for the partial decay rates and the lifetimes in the limit of heavy higgsinos. We discuss the collider signatures of the long-lived binos and winos in this scenario.
We study a supersymmetric (SUSY) Standard Model in which a Higgsino is light enough to be dark matter, while the other SUSY particles are much heavier than the weak scale. We carefully treat the effects of heavy SUSY particles to the Higgsino nature, especially taking into account the renormalization effects due to the large hierarchy between the Higgsino and the SUSY breaking scales. Inelastic scattering of the Higgsino dark matter with a nucleus is studied, and the constraints on the scattering by the direct detection experiments are discussed. This gives an upper limit on the new physics sc…
Mirage mediation realized in the Kachru-Kallosh-Linde-Trivedi (KKLT) flux compactification can naturally suppress the up-type Higgs soft mass at low energy scales. As a result, compared to the conventional scenarios, the degree of electroweak fine-tuning can be reduced further up to by a loop factor if the Higgsinos are much lighter than the heavy Higgs doublet. Interestingly, this feature holds even in high-scale supersymmetry as long as the gauge coupling unification, which is required as a prerequisite for mirage mediation, accommodates such light Higgsinos. Under the experimental constrain…
We show that the electroweak fine-tuning parameter Δ_{\rm EW} derived from the well-known electroweak symmetry breaking condition written in terms of weak scale parameters leads to {\it a bound on fine-tuning in the MSSM} and explain its utility for phenomenological analyses. We argue that a small magnitude of the mu parameter, and the concomitant presence of light higgsinos, is the most basic consequence of naturalness in SUSY models, and list the resulting implications of this for experiments at the LHC and at future e^+e^- colliders.
We investigate a scenario in which supersymmetry is broken at scale $M_S \geq 10^{14}$ GeV leaving only a pair of Higgs doublets, their superpartners (Higgsinos) and a gauge singlet fermion (singlino) besides the standard model fermions and gauge bosons at low energy. The Higgsino-singlino mixing induces small splitting between the masses of electrically neutral components of Higgsinos which otherwise remain almost degenerate in GUT scale supersymmetry. The lightest combination of them provides a viable thermal dark matter if the Higgsino mass scale is close to $1$ TeV. The small mass splittin…
Metastable charged particles produced at the LHC can decay in the quiescent period between beam crossing in the detector leading to spectacular signals. In this paper we consider augmenting the Standard Model with gluino, Higgsino and wino-like particles without invoking supersymmetry. Proton stability is ensured by imposing a discrete $Z_6$ parity that fixes their possible interaction and makes them metastable in a large portion of the parameter space. We investigate the possibility of employing these fields to improve gauge coupling unification, explain dark matter, generate neutrino mass an…
New version of MSSM scales is discussed. In this version mu << M_{SUSY} ~ M_0 \~ M_{1/2}, where mu is the Higgsino mass, M_0 is the mass scale of sleptons and squarks, M_{1/2} is the mass scale of gaugino. Renormalization group motivation of this MSSM version is proposed. Analysis of Split Supersymmetry ideas in this case together with the Dark Matter arguments results in the statement that the formation of residual neutralino concentration occurs in the high symmetric phase of cosmological plasma. The value of Higgsino mass is estimated. The recharging process for high energy neutralinos in t…
We compute corrections to precision electroweak observables in supersymmetry in the limit that scalar superpartners are very massive and decoupled. This leaves charginos and neutralinos and a Standard Model-like Higgs boson as the only states with unknown mass substantially affecting the analysis. We give complete formulas for the chargino and neutralino contributions, derive simple analytic results for the pure gaugino and higgsino cases, and study the general case. We find that in all circumstances, the precision electroweak fit improves when the charginos and neutralinos are near the curren…
Motivated by the observation that the Higgs quartic coupling runs to zero at an intermediate scale, we propose a new framework for models of split supersymmetry, in which gauginos acquire intermediate scale Dirac masses of $\sim 10^{8-11}$ GeV. Scalar masses arise from one-loop finite contributions as well as direct gravity-mediated contributions. Like split supersymmetry, one Higgs doublet is fine-tuned to be light. The scale at which the Dirac gauginos are introduced to make the Higgs quartic zero is the same as is necessary for gauge coupling unification. Thus, gauge coupling unification pe…
We examine the prospects for detecting light charged higgsinos that are expected to be a necessary feature of natural SUSY models via $pp\to {\widetilde W}^\pm{\widetilde W}_1^\pm jj+X$ processes arising dominantly from $W^\pm W^\pm$ fusion at LHC13. The signal will be a pair of same-sign leptons ($e$ or $μ$) in events with two relatively forward, hemispherically-separated jets with a large rapidity gap. We find that even though the higgsinos have a full-strength $SU(2)$ gauge couplings to $W$-bosons, the LHC13 cross section for the production of same sign higgsino pairs is smaller than 0.02 f…
The strong CP problem of QCD is at heart a problem of naturalness: why is the F\tilde{F} term highly suppressed in the QCD Lagrangian when it seems necessary to explain why there are three and not four light pions? The most elegant solution posits a spontaneously broken Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry which requires the existence of the axion field a. The axion field settles to the minimum of its potential thus removing the offensive term but giving rise to the physical axion whose coherent oscillations can make up the cold dark matter. Only now are experiments such as ADMX beginning to explore QCD…
By eschewing finetuning from the electroweak and QCD sectors of supersymmetry (natural supersymmetry or SUSY), and by invoking the Kim-Nilles solution to the SUSY mu problem, one is lead to models wherein the dark matter is comprised of a mixture of axions and higgsino-like WIMPs. Over a large range of Peccei-Quinn breaking scale f_a~ 10^9-10^{12} GeV, one then expects about 90-95% axion dark matter. In such a scenario, both axion and WIMP direct detection may be expected.
In split supersymmetry, gauginos and Higgsinos are the only supersymmetric particles which are possibly accessible at foreseeable colliders. While the direct experimental searches, such as LEP and Tevatron experiments, gave robust lower bounds on the masses of these particles, the cosmic dark matter can give some upper bounds and thus have important implications for the searches at future colliders. In this work we scrutinize such dark matter constraints and show the allowed mass range for charginos and neutralinos (the mass eigenstates of gauginos and Higgsinos). We find that the lightest cha…
We present a mechanism that allows a large Higgsino mass without large fine-tuning. The Higgs is a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson (PNGB) of the global symmetry breaking pattern $SO(5) \to SO(4)$. Because of the PNGB nature of the light Higgs, the $SO(5)$ invariant Higgsino mass does not directly contribute to the Higgs mass. Large couplings in the Higgs sector that spontaneously breaks $SO(5)$ minimize the tuning, and are also motivated by the requirements of generating a sufficiently large Higgs quartic coupling and of maintaining a natural approximate global $SO(5)$ symmetry. When these condit…
Even if the concerns related to the naturalness of the electroweak scale are repressed, the Higgs mass and stability of the electroweak vacuum do not allow arbitrarily large supersymmetry breaking scale, $M_S$, in the minimal models with split or high-scale supersymmetry. We show that $M_S$ can be raised to the GUT scale if the theory below $M_S$ contains a Higgs doublet, a pair of TeV scale Higgsino and widely separated gauginos in addition to the Standard Model particles. The presence of wino and gluino below ${\cal O}(100)$ TeV leads to precision unification of the gauge couplings consisten…
In supersymmetric models with light higgsinos (which are motivated by electroweak naturalness arguments), the direct production of higgsino pairs may be difficult to search for at LHC due to the low visible energy release from their decays. However, the wino pair production reaction \tw_2^\pm\tz_4\to (W^\pm\tz_{1,2})+(W^\pm\tw_1^\mp) also occurs at substantial rates and leads to final states including equally opposite-sign (OS) and same-sign (SS) diboson production. We propose a novel search channel for LHC14 based on the SS diboson plus missing E_T final state which contains only modest jet a…
We show that the hierarchically small mu term in supersymmetric theories is a consequence of two identical pairs of Higgs doublets taking a democratic form for their mass matrix. We briefly discuss the discrete symmetry S2xS2 toward the democratic mass matrix. Then, we show that there results an approximate Peccei-Quinn symmetry and hence the value mu is related to the axion decay constant.
We consider the prospects for the direct detection of dark matter in pure gravity meditation (PGM) models of supersymmetry breaking. Minimal PGM models require only two parameters, the gravitino mass, $m_{3/2}$, which sets the UV mass for all scalar masses, and $\tanβ$. Gaugino masses are generated through anomaly mediation. Typically the lightest supersymmetric state (the dark matter candidate) is a wino. Here, we consider a one-parameter extension of the minimal model by allowing the Higgs soft masses to deviate from universality. For simplicity, we take these to be equal and use the $μ$-ter…
In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, the higgsinos can have masses around the electroweak scale, while the other supersymmetric particles have TeV-scale masses. This happens in models of gauge-mediated SUSY breaking with a high messenger scale, which are motivated from string theory. For particular choices of the messenger field content, multi-TeV squark and gluino masses naturally lead to a much lower electroweak scale, somewhat similar to focus point supersymmetry. They also induce Higgs masses of 124-126 GeV, while making the discovery of supersymmetry at the LHC unlikely. The ligh…
Supersymmetric models with low electroweak fine-tuning contain light higgsinos with mass not too far from m_h\simeq 125 GeV, while other sparticles can be much heavier. In the R-parity conserving MSSM, the lightest neutralino is then a higgsino-like WIMP (albeit with non-negligible gaugino components), with thermal relic density well below measured values. This leaves room for axions (or other, perhaps not as well motivated, stable particles) to function as co-dark matter particles. The local WIMP abundance is then expected to be below standard estimates, and direct and indirect detection rate…
Supersymmetric models are typically taken to have $μ$ parameter and all soft supersymmetry breaking parameters at or near the weak scale. We point out that a small window of allowed values exists in which $μ$ and the electroweak gaugino masses are in the few GeV range. Such models naturally solve the supersymmetry $CP$ problem, can reduce the discrepancy in $R_b$, and suppress proton decay. In this window two neutralinos are in the few GeV range, two are roughly degenerate with the $Z^0$, and both charginos are roughly degenerate with the $W^{\pm}$ bosons. Such a signature cannot escape detect…
Both the naturalness of the electroweak symmetry breaking and the resolution of the strong CP problem may require a small Higgsino mass $μ$ generated by a realization of the DFSZ axion model. Assuming the axino is the lightest supersymmetric particle, we study its implications on $μ$ and the axion scale. Copiously produced light Higgsinos at collider (effectively only neutral NLSP pairs) eventually decay to axinos leaving prompt multi-leptons or displaced vertices which are being looked for at the LHC. We use latest LHC7+8 results to derive current limits on $μ$ and the axion scale. Various Hi…
Particle physics models with Natural Supersymmetry are characterized by a superpotential parameter μ\sim m_h \sim125$ GeV, while third generation squarks have mass <0.5-1.5 TeV. Gluinos should be lighter than several TeV so as not to destabilize the lighter squarks. First and second generation sfermions can be at the tens-of-TeV level which yields a decoupling solution to the SUSY flavor and CP problems. Adopting a top-down approach, we delineate the range of GUT scale SUSY model parameters which leads to a Natural SUSY mass spectrum. We find natural SUSY models to be tightly constrained by th…
Similarities between the gauge meditation of supersymmetry breaking and the QCD axion model suggest that they originate from the same dynamics. We present a class of models where supersymmetry and the Peccei-Quinn symmetry are simultaneously broken. The messengers that mediate the effects of these symmetry breakings to the Standard Model are identical. Since the axion resides in the supersymmetry breaking sector, the saxion and the axino are heavy. We show constraints on the axion decay constant and the gravitino mass.
If the minimal supersymmetric standard model is the solution to the hierarchy problem, the scalar top quark (stop) and the Higgsino should weigh around the electroweak scale such as 200 GeV. A low messenger scale, which results in a light gravitino, is also suggested to suppress the quantum corrections to the Higgs mass parameters. Therefore the minimal model for natural supersymmetry is a system with stop/Higgsino/gravitino whereas other superparticles are heavy. We study the LHC signatures of the minimal system and discuss the discovery potential and methods for the mass measurements.
If the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is Higgsino-like, the thermal relic density is lower than the observed dark matter content for a LSP mass in the sub-TeV region. We outline constraints arising from the Fermi Gamma-Ray Telescope data and LSP production from gravitino decay that must be satisfied by a successful non-thermal Higgsino scenario. We show that in a generic class of models where anomaly and modulus mediated contributions to supersymmetry breaking are of comparable size, Higgsino arises as the only viable sub-TeV dark matter candidate if gravitinos are heavy enough to deca…
A class of supersymmetric grand unified theories is introduced that has a single scale below the cutoff, that of the supersymmetry breaking masses $\tilde{m}$. For a wide range of the dimensionless parameters, agreement with the observed mass of the Higgs boson determines $\tilde{m} \sim 10^9-10^{13} {\rm GeV}$, yielding Intermediate Scale Supersymmetry. We show that within this framework it is possible for seesaw neutrino masses, axions, and inflation to be described by the scale $\tilde{m}$, offering the possibility of a unified origin of disparate phenomena. Neutrino masses allowing for the…
We investigate the stability of the electroweak vacuum for two-Higgs doublet models with a supersymmetric UV completion. The supersymmetry breaking scale is taken to be of the order of the grand unification scale. We first study the case where all superpartners decouple at this scale. We show that contrary to the Standard Model with one Higgs doublet, matching to the supersymmetric UV completion is possible if the low-scale model contains two Higgs doublets. In this case vacuum stability and experimental constraints point towards low values of tan(beta) < 2 and pseudoscalar masses of at least …
The current measurement of the Higgs mass, the ubiquitous nature of loop-suppressed gaugino masses in gravity-mediated supersymmetry breaking, relic dark matter density from $\sim$ TeV mass gauginos, together with the success of supersymmetric gauge coupling unification, suggest that scalar superpartner masses are roughly $m_{sc} \sim$ 100-1000 TeV. Higgsino masses, if not at the Planck scale, should generically appear at the same scale. The gaugino mass contributions from anomaly mediation, with the heavy Higgsino threshold, generally leads to a more compressed spectrum than standard anomaly …
Can blind spots save neutralino dark matter in natural supersymmetry models?
University of Oklahoma（俄克拉荷马大学）；University of Wisconsin, Madison（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校）；INFN, Sezione di Roma, c/o Dip. di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma（意大利国家核物理研究所罗马分部，附罗马大学物理系）；University of Cyprus（塞浦路斯大学）
Implications of supersymmetrizing the clockwork axions are studied. Supersymmetry ensures that the saxions and axinos have the same pattern of the coupling hierarchy as the clockwork axions. If we assume supersymmetry breaking is universal over the clockwork sites, the coupling structure is preserved, while the mass orderings of the saxions and axinos can differ depending on the supersymmetry breaking scale. While the massive saxions and axions quickly decay, the lightest axino can be stable and thus a dark matter candidate. The relic abundance of the axino dark matter from thermal production …
The requirement of electroweak naturalness in supersymmetric (SUSY) models of particle physics necessitates light higgsinos not too far from the weak scale characterized by m(weak)~ m(W,Z,h)~100 GeV. On the other hand, LHC Higgs mass measurements and sparticle mass limits point to a SUSY breaking scale in the multi-TeV regime. Under such conditions, the lightest SUSY particle is expected to be a mainly higgsino-like neutralino with non-negligible gaugino components (required by naturalness). The computed thermal WIMP abundance in natural SUSY models is then found to be typically a factor 5-20 …
We compare and contrast three different sensitivity measures, $Δ_{EW}^{-1}$, $Δ_{HS}^{-1}$ and $Δ_{BG}^{-1}$ that have been used in discussions of fine-tuning. We argue that though not a fine-tuning measure, $Δ_{EW}$, which is essentially determined by the particle spectrum, is important because $Δ_{EW}^{-1}$ quantifies the minimum fine-tuning present in any theory with a specified spectrum. We emphasize the critical role of incorporating correlations between various model parameters in discussions of fine-tuning. We provide toy examples to show that if we can find high scale theories with spe…
The Kim-Nilles mechanism relates the $μ$ term with the axion scale $f_a$, leading to the axino-Higgsino-Higgs Yukawa coupling of order $μ/f_a$. This can bring a dangerous thermal production of axinos. If the axino is stable, its mass has to be as small as ${\cal O}$(0.1keV), or the reheat temperature should be lower than ${\cal O}$(10GeV) taking the lower axion scale $10^{10}$ GeV in order not to overclose the Universe. If the axino decays to a neutralino, the overproduced neutralinos can re-annihilate appropriately to saturate the observed dark matter density if the annihilation rate is of or…
We propose the framework, "generalized supersoft supersymmetry breaking". "Supersoft" models, with $D$-type supersymmetry breaking and heavy Dirac gauginos, are considerably less constrained by the LHC searches than the well studied MSSM. These models also ameliorate the supersymmetric flavor and $CP$ problems. However, previously considered mechanisms for obtaining a natural size Higgsino mass parameter (namely, $μ$) in supersoft models have been relatively complicated and contrived. Obtaining a $125\gev$ for the mass of the lightest Higgs boson has also been difficult. Additional issues with…
The recently proposed model of using the dynamical phase of the gluino to solve the strong CP problem is shown to admit a specific realization in terms of fundamental singlet superfields, such that the breaking of supersymmetry occurs only at the TeV scale, despite the large axion scale of 10^{9} to 10^{12} GeV. Phenomenological implications are discussed.
We illustrate the structure and the main phenomenological features of a supersymmetric model (the USSM-A) built following a bottom-up approach and containing an anomalous abelian gauge symmetry. This model supports a gauged axion in its spectrum and provides a generalization of the global (supersymmetric) Peccei-Quinn construction. Complete simulations of the neutralino relic density are performed. Bounds from CAST and WMAP, combined with dark matter simulations, provide significant constraints on the scale of the interactions between the axion and the gauge fields.
In the axionic solution of the strong CP problem, fermions which transform under quantum chromodynamics (QCD) are required. In supersymmetry, by equating U(1)_{PQ} with U(1)_R, the natural candidates are the gluinos, as pointed out some years ago. A new specific implementation of this idea is proposed, linking the gluino axion scale to that of the canonical seesaw mechanism for neutrinos. Gaugino masses are generated dynamically and the A term is predicted to be very small.
By insisting on naturalness in both the electroweak and QCD sectors of the MSSM, the portrait for dark matter production is seriously modified from the usual WIMP miracle picture. In SUSY models with radiatively-driven naturalness (radiative natural SUSY or RNS) which include a DFSZ-like solution to the strong CP and SUSY mu problems, dark matter is expected to be an admixture of both axions and higgsino-like WIMPs. The WIMP/axion abundance calculation requires simultaneous solution of a set of coupled Boltzmann equations which describe quasi-stable axinos and saxions. In most of parameter spa…
In split supersymmetry, the supersymmetric scalar particles are all very heavy, at least at the order of 10^9 GeV, but the gauginos, Higgsinos, and one of the neutral Higgs bosons remain below a TeV. Here we further split the split supersymmetry by taking the Higgsino mass parameter μto be very large. In this case, the μproblem is avoided and we keep the wino as a dark matter candidate. A crude gauge coupling unification is still preserved. Dark matter signals and collider phenomenology are discussed in this μ-split SUSY scenario. The most interesting dark matter signal is the annihilation int…
We consider a scenario where supersymmetry is broken at a high energy scale, out of reach of the LHC, but leaves a few fermionic states at the TeV scale. The particle content of the low-energy effective theory is similar to that of Split Supersymmetry. However, the gauginos and higgsinos are replaced by fermions carrying the same quantum numbers but having different couplings, which we call fake gauginos and fake higgsinos. We study the prediction for the light-Higgs mass in this Fake Split SUSY Model (FSSM). We find that, in contrast to Split or high-scale supersymmetry, a 126 GeV Higgs boson…
The minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) of particle interactions is extended to include three singlet (right-handed) neutrino superfields together with three other singlet superfields. The resulting theory is assumed to be invariant under an anomalous global U(1) (Peccei-Quinn) symmetry with one fundamental mass $m_2$. The soft breaking of supersymmetry at the TeV scale is shown to generate an axion scale $f_a$ of order $m_2$. Neutrino masses are generated by $f_a$ according to the usual seesaw mechanism.
We motivate Higgsino dark matter from a solution to the cosmological moduli/gravitino problem. Cosmological moduli/gravitino should be heavy enough to decay before the onset of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, and this requirement typically forces gauginos to have masses above a TeV in Type IIB compactifications. Higgsinos emerge as the viable sub-TeV dark matter candidates if anomaly and modulus mediated contributions to supersymmetry breaking are both competitive. Obtaining the correct relic density in this mass range forces Higgsinos to be produced non-thermally from the decay of a modulus. We out…
In supersymmetric theories of nature the Higgsino fermionic superpartner of the Higgs boson can arise as the lightest standard model superpartner depending on the couplings between the Higgs and supersymmetry breaking sectors. In this letter the production and decay of Higgsino pairs to the Goldstone fermion of supersymmetry breaking and the Higgs boson, h, or gauge bosons, Z or $γ$ are considered. Relatively clean di-boson final states, hh, $h γ$, hZ, $Z γ$, or ZZ, with a large amount of missing energy result. The latter channels provide novel discovery modes for supersymmetry at high energy …
Recently we have proposed a simple hadronic axion model within gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. In this paper we discuss various cosmological consequences of the model in great detail. A particular attention is paid to a saxion, a scalar partner of an axion, which is produced as a coherent oscillation in the early universe. We show that our model is cosmologically viable, if the reheating temperature of inflation is sufficiently low. We also discuss the late decay of the saxion which gives a preferable power spectrum of the density fluctuation in the standard cold dark matter model when …
While LHC8 Higgs mass and sparticle search constraints favor a multi-TeV value of gravitino mass m_{3/2}, electroweak naturalness favors a superpotential higgsino mass μ~100-200 GeV: the mis-match results in an apparent Little Hierarchy characterized by μ<< m_{3/2}. It has been suggested that the Little Hierarchy arises from a mis-match between Peccei-Quinn (PQ) and hidden sector intermediate scales v_{PQ}<< m_{\rm hidden}. We examine the Murayama-Suzuki-Yanagida (MSY) model of radiatively-driven PQ symmetry breaking which not only generates a weak scale value of μbut also produces intermediat…
The axion solution to the strong CP problem makes use of a global Peccei-Quinn (PQ) U(1) symmetry which is susceptible to violations from quantum gravitational effects. We show explicitly how discrete gauge symmetries can protect the axion from such violations. PQ symmetry emerges as an accidental global symmetry from discrete gauge symmetries which are subgroups of the anomalous U(1) of string origin. We also show how the Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky (DFSZ) axion model provides a natural solution to mu problem of supersymmetry as mu ~ M_{SUSY} ~ M^2_{PQ}/M_{Pl}.
A simple hadronic axion model is proposed in the framework of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. Dynamics of Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking is governed by supersymmetry breaking effects and the Peccei-Quinn breaking scale $f_{PQ}$ is inversely proportional to the gravitino mass. The gravitino mass range which corresponds to the axion window $f_{PQ} \simeq 10^{9}$ GeV -- $10^{13}$ GeV lies in the region predicted by gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking models. The model is also shown to be cosmologically viable.
The higgsino world is one of the popular natural SUSY scenarios, in which $|μ| \ll M_{gauginos} \ll M_{scalars}$. As such, searching for light degenerate higgsinos becomes an essential task of testing naturalness in supersymmetry (SUSY). In this work, we study the indirect effects of light higgsinos in the process $e^+e^- \to W^+W^-$ at future Higgs factories, such as Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) in China. we find that the higgsino mass parameter $μ\lesssim 210$ GeV favored by naturalness can be covered if the accuracy of the measurement of $W^+W^-$ production can reach 0.1\% at …
We consider, in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, the case where the gravitino weighs 10^6 GeV or more, which is preferred by various cosmological difficulties associated with unstable gravitinos. Despite the large Higgs mixing parameter B together with the little hierarchy to other soft supersymmetry breaking masses, a light higgsino with an electroweak scale mass leads to successful electroweak symmetry breaking, at the price of fine-tuning the higgsino mixing mu parameter. Furthermore the light higgsinos produced at the decays of gravitinos can constitute the dark ma…
We construct hadronic axion models in the framework of the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario. If the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking is related to the supersymmetry breaking, mass spectrum of the minimal anomaly-mediated scenario is modified, which may solve the negative slepton mass problem in the minimal anomaly-mediated model. We find several classes of phenomenologically viable models of axion within the framework of the anomaly mediation and, in particular, we point out a new mechanism of stabilizing the axion potential. In this class of models, the Peccei-Quinn scale is rel…
The effects of possible explicit violation of the Peccei-Quinn symmetry responsible for the solution of the strong CP problem are studied in supersymmetric models. It is shown that automatic models with an abelian $U(1)$ gauge symmetry are easy to construct both in the context of fundamental and composite models of axions. It is argued that it is preferable to use abelian rather than nonabelian gauge groups in order to obtains automatic symmetries. A composite model with no exact $R$ symmetry is studied and it is found that, unlike common belief, supersymmetry is broken.
