EG仙女座：一个共生系统作为对红巨星色球的洞察
EG Andromedae: A Symbiotic System as an Insight into Red Giant Chromospheres
摘要：
共生系统是相互作用的双星，由热的和冷的成分组成。这就形成了一个复杂的环境，非常适合研究恒星演化的后期阶段以及双星系统内的相互作用。当一颗恒星接近其生命的尽头，特别是红巨星阶段，它耗尽了核心的氢供应，并开始燃烧它的方式通过连续的重元素。红巨星以密集的风的形式失去质量，这将为星际介质补充通过恒星内部深处的核过程形成的化学元素。当这些元素到达星际介质时，它们在恒星和行星的演化中起着核心作用，并提供生命所需的基本成分。这些冷巨星的重要性意味着研究它们的大气层对于帮助理解我们在宇宙中的位置是必要的。这篇论文介绍了哈勃太空望远镜对共生系统EG仙女座的观测，作为对红巨星的深入了解。EG And是最明亮和最接近的共生系统之一，由一颗红巨星和一颗白矮星组成。系统中白矮星的存在允许对红巨星的空间分辨检查。使用这样一个系统，以更好地了解红巨星色球的基础的好处。除了EG和的观测外，还介绍了孤立红巨星光谱标准HD 148349的HST新观测。孤立的光谱标准和红巨星之间的相似性的主要EG和证明，显示从共生系统收集到的信息可以应用到一般的红巨星人口。用紫外光谱和可见光谱对EG和HD 148349大气进行了对比研究。
英文摘要：
Symbiotic systems are interacting binary stars consisting of both hot and cool components. This results in a complex environment that is ideal for studying the latter stages of stellar evolution along with interactions within binary systems. As a star approaches the end of its life, in particular the red giant phase, it exhausts its supply of core hydrogen and begins burning its way through successively heavier elements. Red giants lose mass in the form of a dense wind that will replenish the interstellar medium with chemical elements that are formed through nuclear processes deep in the stellar interior. When these elements reach the interstellar medium they play a central role in both stellar and planetary evolution, as well as providing the essential constituents needed for life. The undoubted significance of these cool giants means the study of their atmospheres is necessary to help understand our place in the Universe. This thesis presents Hubble Space Telescope observations of the symbiotic system EG Andromedae as an insight into red giant stars. EG And is one of the brightest and closest symbiotic systems and consists of a red giant primary along with a white dwarf. The presence of the white dwarf in the system allows spatially resolved examination of the red giant primary. The benefits of using such a system to better understand the base of red giant chromospheres is shown. Along with the observations of EG And, new HST observations of an isolated red giant spectral standard HD148349 are described. The similarity between the isolated spectral standard and the red giant primary of EG And is demonstrated, showing that much of the information gleaned from a symbiotic system can be applied to the general red giant population. Using both ultraviolet and optical spectroscopy, the atmosphere of EG And and HD148349 are investigated and contrasted.
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