瑞典创新体系：知识经济中的区域协同
The Swedish System of Innovation: Regional Synergies in a Knowledge-Based Economy
摘要：
基于瑞典（N = 1，187，421; 2011年11月）的完整公司数据集，我们分析了地域、技术和组织分布之间的互信息，以及区域和国家层面的协同效应。三维中的互信息可以变为负的，因此表示系统的不确定性的净输出，或者换句话说，在如何在载体上分配知识功能方面的协同作用。在区域一级（NUTS 3）汇总在市一级（NUTS 5）组织的数据显示，48.5%的区域协同作用是由斯德哥尔摩、哥德堡和马尔默/隆德三个大都市区提供的。瑞典可以被认为是一个中央集权和等级制的组织系统。我们的结果与其他统计数据一致，但这个三重障碍指标更具体和定量地衡量协同作用。该分析还为我们提供了验证使用这种措施在以前的研究中的区域化创新体系（如匈牙利和挪威）。
英文摘要：
Based on the complete set of firm data for Sweden (N = 1,187,421; November 2011), we analyze the mutual information among the geographical, technological, and organizational distributions in terms of synergies at regional and national levels. Mutual information in three dimensions can become negative and thus indicate a net export of uncertainty by a system or, in other words, synergy in how knowledge functions are distributed over the carriers. Aggregation at the regional level (NUTS3) of the data organized at the municipal level (NUTS5) shows that 48.5% of the regional synergy is provided by the three metropolitan regions of Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö/Lund. Sweden can be considered as a centralized and hierarchically organized system. Our results accord with other statistics, but this Triple Helix indicator measures synergy more specifically and quantitatively. The analysis also provides us with validation for using this measure in previous studies of more regionalized systems of innovation (such as Hungary and Norway).
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
