朗道与中子星概念
Lev Landau and the conception of neutron stars
摘要：
回顾了20世纪30年代与L.兰道根据罗森菲尔德的回忆（1974，Proc.16th Solvay Conference on Physics，p.174），朗道在1932年2月发现中子的消息传到哥本哈根后不久，与玻尔和罗森菲尔德讨论时临时提出了中子星的概念。我们提出的论点是，讨论发生在1931年3月，在发现中子之前，他们实际上讨论了朗道于1931年2月在苏黎世写的论文，但直到1932年2月才发表（《物理学Z》）。Sowjetunion，1，285）.朗道在他的论文中提到可能存在看起来像一个巨大的核的致密恒星;这可以被视为早期的理论预测或预期的中子星，之前发现的中子。中子的发现和论文的发表日期的巧合导致了论文与中子的发现的错误联系。顺便，我们概述了朗道对白矮星理论和中子核恒星假说的贡献。
英文摘要：
We review the history of neutron star physics in the 1930s that is related to L. Landau. According to recollections of Rosenfeld (1974, Proc. 16th Solvay Conference on Physics, p. 174), Landau improvised the concept of neutron stars in a discussion with Bohr and Rosenfeld just after the news of the discovery of the neutron reached Copenhagen in February 1932. We present arguments that the discussion took place in March 1931, before the discovery of the neutron, and that they in fact discussed the paper written by Landau in Zurich in February 1931 but not published until February 1932 (Phys. Z. Sowjetunion, 1, 285). In his paper Landau mentioned the possible existence of dense stars which look like one giant nucleus; this can be regarded as an early theoretical prediction or anticipation of neutron stars, prior to the discovery of the neutron. The coincidence of the dates of the neutron's discovery and the paper's publication has led to an erroneous association of the paper with the discovery of the neutron. In passing, we outline the contribution of Landau to the theory of white dwarfs and to the hypothesis of stars with neutron cores.
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