由结构相关的附着动力学引起的边缘增强晶体生长不稳定性
An Edge-Enhancing Crystal Growth Instability Caused by Structure-Dependent Attachment Kinetics
摘要：
我们描述了一种新的晶体生长不稳定性，增强薄边缘的发展，促进板状或中空柱状形貌的形成。这种不稳定性出现时，扩散限制的生长与结构依赖的附着动力学，特别是当小平面表面上的成核势垒大幅减少的小平面宽度接近原子尺寸。实验数据证实了这种不稳定性的存在下，从水蒸气在-15 ℃的冰的增长。我们认为，这种边缘增强效应在确定大气冰晶随温度变化的生长形态方面起着重要作用，这一现象在75年多的时间里基本上无法解释。我们的模型的结构相关的附着动力学似乎是与表面熔化，因此可能存在于其他材料系统中，每当从气相晶体生长发生在材料的熔点附近。
英文摘要：
We describe a novel crystal growth instability that enhances the development of thin edges, promoting the formation of plate-like or hollow columnar morphologies. This instability arises when diffusion-limited growth is coupled with structure-depdendent attachment kinetics, specifically when the nucleation barrier on a facet surface decreases substantially as the facet width approaches atomic dimensions. Experimental data are presented confirming the presence of this instability in the growth of ice from water vapor at -15 C. We believe this edge-enhancing effect plays an important role in determining the growth morphologies of atmospheric ice crystals as a function of temperature, a phenomenon that has been essentially unexplained for over 75 years. Our model of structure-dependent attachment kinetics appears to be related to surface melting, and thus may be present in other material systems, whenever crystal growth from the vapor phase occurs near the material melting point.
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