量子增强光学相位跟踪
Quantum-enhanced optical phase tracking
摘要：
跟踪随机变化的光学相位是计量学中的关键任务，在光通信中具有应用。迄今为止，光学相位跟踪的最佳精度受到相干光的量子真空涨落的限制。在这里，我们通过使用处于相位压缩量子态的连续光束来超越这种相干态的极限。与以前的挤压增强计量学不同，由于海森堡的不确定原理，仅限于具有非常小变化的相位，对于有限程度的挤压实现了最佳跟踪精度（对于固定的光强度）。通过优化压缩，我们跟踪的相位与一个均方误差15 \pm 4%以下的相干态限制。
英文摘要：
Tracking a randomly varying optical phase is a key task in metrology, with applications in optical communication. The best precision for optical phase tracking has till now been limited by the quantum vacuum fluctuations of coherent light. Here we surpass this coherent-state limit by using a continuous-wave beam in a phase-squeezed quantum state. Unlike in previous squeezing-enhanced metrology, restricted to phases with very small variation, the best tracking precision (for a fixed light intensity) is achieved for a finite degree of squeezing, due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. By optimizing the squeezing we track the phase with a mean square error 15 \pm 4 % below the coherent-state limit.
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