Plutino 15810（1994 JR1），冥王星的一颗意外准卫星
Plutino 15810 (1994 JR1), an accidental quasi-satellite of Pluto
摘要：
在太阳系中，准卫星以1：1的平均运动共振运动，像逆行卫星一样绕着它们的主天体运行，但它们的相互分离远远超过希尔半径，并且轨道不是闭合的，因为它们绕着太阳而不是主天体运行。到目前为止，在金星、地球、矮行星（1）谷神星、大小行星（4）灶神星、木星、土星和海王星周围发现了暂时处于准卫星动力状态的小天体。使用计算机模拟，Tiscareno和Malhotra预测存在一个小但重要的小型天体群体，以1：1的平均运动与冥王星共振。在这里，我们使用N体计算表明，冥王星15810（1994 JR 1）目前是冥王星的一个偶然的准卫星，它将保持近35万年。我们所说的偶然是指，准卫星相不是由离散的近距离接触形式的直接引力影响触发（或终止）的，而是共振的结果。冥王星的相对平均经度在与海王星的2：3平均运动共振引起的轨道周期振荡的叠加天平动中循环。这些准卫星事件是经常性的，其周期接近200万年。这使得15810成为第一个与冥王星以1：1的平均运动共振运动的小天体。这也使冥王星成为除了谷神星之外第二颗拥有准卫星的矮行星。我们的发现证实了准卫星共振阶段并不局限于围绕主要行星运行的小天体，但也可能是矮行星/小行星。此外，15810可以被认为是美国宇航局在2015年主要飞越冥王星之后的冥王星-柯伊伯带任务新视野的可能次要目标。
英文摘要：
In the solar system, quasi-satellites move in a 1:1 mean motion resonance going around their host body like a retrograde satellite but their mutual separation is well beyond the Hill radius and the trajectory is not closed as they orbit the Sun not the host body. So far, minor bodies temporarily trapped in the quasi-satellite dynamical state have been identified around Venus, Earth, the dwarf planet (1) Ceres, the large asteroid (4) Vesta, Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune. Using computer simulations, Tiscareno and Malhotra have predicted the existence of a small but significant population of minor bodies moving in a 1:1 mean motion resonance with Pluto. Here we show using N-body calculations that the Plutino 15810 (1994 JR1) is currently an accidental quasi-satellite of Pluto and it will remain as such for nearly 350,000 yr. By accidental we mean that the quasi-satellite phase is triggered (or terminated) not by a direct gravitational influence in the form of a discrete close encounter but as a result of a resonance. The relative mean longitude of the Plutino circulates with a superimposed libration resulting from the oscillation of the orbital period induced by the 2:3 mean motion resonance with Neptune. These quasi-satellite episodes are recurrent with a periodicity of nearly 2 Myr. This makes 15810 the first minor body moving in a 1:1 mean motion resonance with Pluto. It also makes Pluto the second dwarf planet, besides Ceres, to host a quasi-satellite. Our finding confirms that the quasi-satellite resonant phase is not restricted to small bodies orbiting major planets but is possible for dwarf planets/asteroids too. Moreover, 15810 could be considered as a possible secondary target for NASA's Pluto-Kuiper Belt Mission New Horizons after the main Pluto flyby in 2015.
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