负群速光脉冲信息的高级探测
Advanced Detection of Information in Optical Pulses with Negative Group Velocity
摘要：
在这封信中，我们通过实验证明，信号速度，定义为最早的时间，当一个信号被检测到高于现实的噪声地板，可能会改变一个区域的异常色散。我们在光脉冲的空间自由度中对信息进行编码，使得印记信息不受异常色散区域的频率带宽的限制。然后，我们表明，超光速脉冲传播和现实的探测器与非理想的量子效率的组合导致的最早的实验可获得的传输信号的到达时间的加速，即使与整体脉冲经历单位增益。这种加速依赖于非理想的检测器和损耗，因为完美的检测效率将导致信息的速度等于真空中的光速，而不管光脉冲的群速度如何。
英文摘要：
In this letter we experimentally demonstrate that the signal velocity, defined as the earliest time when a signal is detected above the realistic noise floor, may be altered by a region of anomalous dispersion. We encode information in the spatial degree of freedom of an optical pulse so that the imprinted information is not limited by the frequency bandwidth of the region of anomalous dispersion. We then show that the combination of superluminal pulse propagation and realistic detectors with non-ideal quantum efficiency leads to a speed-up of the earliest experimentally obtainable arrival time of the transmitted signal even with the overall pulse experiencing unity gain. This speed-up is reliant upon non-ideal detectors and losses, as perfect detection efficiency would result in the speed of information being equal to the speed of light in vacuum, regardless of the group velocity of the optical pulses.
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