具有金属表面和薄大气层的磁性中子星的辐射特性
Radiative properties of magnetic neutron stars with metallic surfaces and thin atmospheres
摘要：
本工作的目标是发展一个简单的解析描述的发射特性（光谱和偏振）的凝聚，强磁化表面的中子星。我们改进了van Adelsberg等人（2005）（arXiv：astro-ph/0406001）计算凝聚磁化表面光谱性质的方法。用改进的方法计算了磁场强度为B \sim（10^{12} - 10^{14}）G，磁场线和辐射束相对于铁表面和彼此倾斜不同的铁表面的反射率。我们构造解析表达式作为光子能量，磁场强度，和三个角度，确定局部问题的几何形状的函数，这个表面的发射率。利用这些表达式，我们计算了具有被薄的部分电离氢大气覆盖的凝聚铁表面的中子星的X射线谱。我们开发简单的解析描述的强度和偏振辐射发射或反射的凝聚铁表面的中子星与孤立的中子星典型的强磁场。这种描述提供了薄大气层底部的边界条件，比以前使用的近似值更准确。用这种改进方法计算的光谱显示出与简化模型不同的吸收特征。在本文中开发的方法产生的结果，可以促进孤立的，强磁化的，热发射中子星的X射线光谱的建模和解释。
英文摘要：
The goal of this work is to develop a simple analytic description of the emission properties (spectrum and polarization) of the condensed, strongly magnetized surface of neutron stars. We have improved the method of van Adelsberg et al. (2005) (arXiv:astro-ph/0406001) for calculating the spectral properties of condensed magnetized surfaces. Using the improved method, we calculate the reflectivity of an iron surface at magnetic field strengths B \sim (10^{12} - 10^{14}) G, with various inclinations of the magnetic field lines and radiation beam with respect to the surface and each other. We construct analytic expressions for the emissivity of this surface as functions of the photon energy, magnetic field strength, and the three angles that determine the geometry of the local problem. Using these expressions, we calculate X-ray spectra for neutron stars with condensed iron surfaces covered by thin partially ionized hydrogen atmospheres. We develop simple analytic descriptions of the intensity and polarization of radiation emitted or reflected by condensed iron surfaces of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields typical for isolated neutron stars. This description provides boundary conditions at the bottom of a thin atmosphere, which are more accurate than previously used approximations. The spectra calculated with this improvement show absorption features different from those in simplified models. The approach developed in this paper yields results that can facilitate modeling and interpretation of the X-ray spectra of isolated, strongly magnetized, thermally emitting neutron stars.
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