嵌入式Linux Xenomai实时的内核硬件时间管理器的实现
A Hardware Time Manager Implementation for the Xenomai Real-Time Kernel of Embedded Linux
摘要：
如今，在不同的嵌入式项目中使用嵌入式操作系统的情况正在急剧增长。嵌入式Linux以其模块化、高效性、可靠性和成本优势成为最受欢迎的嵌入式操作系统之一。使其难以实时的【形】的一种方法是包括一个实时的【形】内核，如Xenomai。实时的【形】操作系统（RTOS）的关键特征之一是它能够确定性地满足执行时间期限。因此，时间管理的精确性和灵活性越高，就越能有效地处理不同嵌入式应用的确定性。RTOS时间精度的特征在于由软件时间管理器控制的特定周期性中断服务。中断的周期越小，RTOS的精度越高，它使CPU过载越多，但降低了RTOS的整体效率。在本文中，我们建议通过将Xenomai的时间管理服务迁移到一个可配置的硬件组件来减轻CPU，从而大大减少这些开销。硬件组件在耦合到CPU的现场可编程门阵列中实现。这项工作是在硕士学位项目中完成的，学生可以了解嵌入式系统的许多领域：RTOS编程，硬件设计，性能评估等。
英文摘要：
Nowadays, the use of embedded operating systems in different embedded projects is subject to a tremendous growth. Embedded Linux is becoming one of those most popular EOSs due to its modularity, efficiency, reliability, and cost. One way to make it hard real-time is to include a real-time kernel like Xenomai. One of the key characteristics of a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is its ability to meet execution time deadlines deterministically. So, the more precise and flexible the time management can be, the better it can handle efficiently the determinism for different embedded applications. RTOS time precision is characterized by a specific periodic interrupt service controlled by a software time manager. The smaller the period of the interrupt, the better the precision of the RTOS, the more it overloads the CPU, and though reduces the overall efficiency of the RTOS. In this paper, we propose to drastically reduce these overheads by migrating the time management service of Xenomai into a configurable hardware component to relieve the CPU. The hardware component is implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array coupled to the CPU. This work was achieved in a Master degree project where students could apprehend many fields of embedded systems: RTOS programming, hardware design, performance evaluation, etc.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
