Emission-Line Galaxies from the Hubble Space Telescope Probing Evolution and Reionization Spectroscopically (PEARS) Grism Survey. II: The Complete Sample
Nor Pirzkal, Barry Rothberg, Chun Ly, Sangeeta Malhotra, James E. Rhoads, Norman A. Grogin, Tomas Dahlen, Gerhardt R. Meurer, Jeremy R. Walsh, Nimish P. Hathi, … 展开作者
Nor Pirzkal, Barry Rothberg, Chun Ly, Sangeeta Malhotra, James E. Rhoads, Norman A. Grogin, Tomas Dahlen, Gerhardt R. Meurer, Jeremy R. Walsh, Nimish P. Hathi, Seth H. Cohen, Andrea Bellini, Benne W. Holwerda, Amber N. Straughn, Matthew Mechtley, Rogier A. Windhorst
We present a full analysis of the Probing Evolution And Reionization Spectroscopically (PEARS) slitess grism spectroscopic data obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on HST. PEARS covers fields within both the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) North and South fields, making it ideal as a random survey of galaxies, as well as the availability of a wide variety of ancillary observations to support the spectroscopic results. Using the PEARS data we are able to identify star forming galaxies within the redshift volume 0< z<1.5. Star forming regions in the PEARS survey are pinpointed independently of the host galaxy. This method allows us to detect the presence of multiple emission line regions (ELRs) within a single galaxy. 1162 Ha, [OIII] and/or [OII] emission lines have been identified in the PEARS sample of ~906 galaxies down to a limiting flux of ~1e-18 erg/s/cm^2. The ELRs have also been compared to the properties of the host galaxy, including morphology, luminosity, and mass. From this analysis we find three key results: 1) The computed line luminosities show evidence of a flattening in the luminosity function with increasing redshift; 2) The star forming systems show evidence of disturbed morphologies, with star formation occurring predominantly within one effective (half-light) radius. However, the morphologies show no correlation with host stellar mass; and 3) The number density of star forming galaxies with M_* > 1e9} M_sun decreases by an order of magnitude at z<0.5 relative to the number at 0.5<z<0.9 in support of the argument for galaxy downsizing.
Using HST/ACS slitless grism spectra from the PEARS program, we study the stellar populations of morphologically selected early-type galaxies in the GOODS North and South fields. The sample - extracted from a visual classification of the (v2.0) HST/ACS images and restricted to redshifts z>0.4 - comprises 228 galaxies (F775W<24 ABmag) out to z~1.3 over 320 arcmin2, with a median redshift zM=0.75. This work significantly increases our previous sample from the GRAPES survey in the HUDF (18 galaxies over ~11 arcmin2; Pasquali et al. 2006b). The grism data allow us to separate the sample into `red'…
We improve the accuracy of photometric redshifts by including low-resolution spectral data from the G102 grism on the Hubble Space Telescope, which assists in redshift determination by further constraining the shape of the broadband Spectral Energy Disribution (SED) and identifying spectral features. The photometry used in the redshift fits includes near-IR photometry from FIGS+CANDELS, as well as optical data from ground-based surveys and HST ACS, and mid-IR data from Spitzer. We calculated the redshifts through the comparison of measured photometry with template galaxy models, using the EAZY…
Using HST slitless grism data, we report the spectroscopic confirmation of two distant structures at $z \sim 2$ associated with powerful high-redshift radio-loud AGN. These rich structures, likely (forming) clusters, are among the most distant currently known and were identified on the basis of Spitzer/IRAC [3.6] - [4.5] color. We spectroscopically confirm 9 members in the field of MRC 2036-254, comprising eight star-forming galaxies and the targeted radio galaxy. The median redshift is $z = 2.000$. We spectroscopically confirm 10 members in the field of B3 0756+406, comprising eight star-form…
We present the results of an unbiased search for Lyα emission from continuum-selected 6 < z < 8 galaxies. Our dataset consists of 160 orbits of G102 slitless grism spectroscopy obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 as part of the Faint Infrared Grism Survey (FIGS; PI: Malhotra), which obtains deep slitless spectra of all sources in four fields, and was designed to minimize contamination in observations of previously-identified high-redshift galaxy candidates. The FIGS data can potentially spectroscopically confirm the redshifts of galaxies, and as Lyα emission is r…
Deep ACS slitless grism observations and identification of stellar sources are presented within the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) North and South fields which were obtained in the Probing Evolution And Reionization Spectroscopically (PEARS) program. It is demonstrated that even low resolution spectra can be a very powerful means to identify stars in the field, especially low mass stars with stellar types M0 and later. The PEARS fields lay within the larger GOODS fields, and we used new, deeper images to further refine the selection of stars in the PEARS field, down to a magni…
We identify a sample of spectroscopically measured emission line galaxy (ELG) pairs up to z=1.6 from the WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallels (WISP) survey. WISP obtained slitless, near-infrared grism spectroscopy along with direct imaging in the J and H bands by observing in the pure-parallel mode with the Wide Field Camera Three (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). From our search of 419 WISP fields covering an area of ~0.5 deg$^{2}$, we find 413 ELG pair systems, mostly Halpha emitters. We then derive reliable star formation rates (SFRs) based on the attenuation-corrected Halpha flu…
We investigate the accuracy of 4000Å/Balmer-break based redshifts by combining Hubble Space Telescope ({\it HST}) grism data with photometry. The grism spectra are from the Probing Evolution And Reionization Spectroscopically (PEARS) survey with {\it HST} using the G800L grism on the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The photometric data come from a compilation by the 3D-HST collaboration of imaging from multiple surveys (notably CANDELS and 3D-HST). We show evidence that spectrophotometric redshifts (SPZs) typically improve the accuracy of photometric redshifts by $\sim$17--60\%. Our SPZ met…
We report spectroscopic results from our 40-orbit $Hubble~Space~Telescope$ slitless grism spectroscopy program observing the 20 densest CARLA candidate galaxy clusters at $1.4 < z < 2.8$. These candidate rich structures, among the richest and most distant known, were identified on the basis of $[3.6]-[4.5]$ color from a $408~$hr multi-cycle $Spitzer$ program targeting $420$ distant radio-loud AGN. We report the spectroscopic confirmation of $16$ distant structures at $1.4 < z < 2.8$ associated with the targeted powerful high-redshift radio-loud AGN. We also report the serendipitous discovery a…
We present and publicly release (https://www.gclasshst.com) the first spatially resolved H$α$ maps of star-forming cluster galaxies at $z\sim1$, made possible with the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) G141 grism on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Using a similar but updated method to 3D-HST in the field environment, we stack the H$α$ maps in bins of stellar mass, measure the half-light radius of the H$α$ distribution and compare it to the stellar continuum. The ratio of the H$α$ to stellar continuum half-light radius, $R[\mathrm{H}α/\mathrm{C}]=\frac{R_{\mathrm{eff, H}α}}{R_{\mathrm{eff, Cont}}}$,…
We study structural properties of spectroscopically confirmed massive quiescent galaxies at $z\approx 3$ with one of the first sizeable samples of such sources, made of ten $10.8<\log(M_{\star}/M_{\odot})<11.3$ galaxies at $2.4 < z < 3.2$ in the COSMOS field whose redshifts and quiescence are confirmed by HST grism spectroscopy. Although affected by a weak bias toward younger stellar populations, this sample is deemed to be largely representative of the majority of the most massive and thus intrinsically rarest quiescent sources at this cosmic time. We rely on targeted HST/WFC3 observations an…
Minor mergers are thought to be responsible for the size growth of quiescent field galaxies with decreasing redshift. We test this hypothesis using the cluster environment as a laboratory. Satellite galaxies in clusters move at high velocities, making mergers between them rare. The stellar mass-size relation in ten clusters and in the field is measured and compared at $z~\mathtt{\sim}~1$. Our cluster sample contains 344 spectroscopically-confirmed cluster members with Gemini/GMOS and 182 confirmed with HST WFC3 G141 grism spectroscopy. On average, quiescent and star-forming cluster galaxies ar…
Minor mergers have been proposed as the driving mechanism for the size growth of quiescent galaxies with decreasing redshift. The process whereby large star-forming galaxies quench and join the quiescent population at the large size end has also been suggested as an explanation for this size growth. Given the clear association of quenching with clusters, we explore this mechanism by studying the structural properties of 23 spectroscopically identified recently quenched (or "poststarburst" (PSB)) cluster galaxies at $z\sim1$. Despite clear PSB spectral signatures implying rapid and violent quen…
We demonstrate that the UV brightest quasars at z=1-2 live in overdense environments. This is based on an analysis of deep Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 G141 grism spectroscopy of the galaxies along the lines-of-sight to UV luminous quasars in the redshift range z=1-2. This constitutes some of the deepest grism spectroscopy performed by WFC3, with 4 roll angles spread over a year of observations to mitigate the effect of overlapping spectra. Of the 12 quasar fields studied, 8 display evidence for a galaxy overdensity at the redshift of the quasar. One of the overdensities, PG0117+213 at z=1.50, …
We present results of a multi-band Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) and nebular emission line analysis of a sample of 1147 spectroscopically identified dusty star-forming galaxies at 0.49 < z < 2.24 from Herschel/SPIRE and HST/WFC3 grism observations in the five CANDELS fields: AEGIS, GOODS-N, GOODS-S, COSMOS, and UDS. We use the spectroscopic redshifts measured from nebular lines to construct the SEDs of galaxies from the optical to the infrared using HST and Herschel photometry. We further utilize the 3D-HST grism Ha line flux measurements to measure the nebular star-formation rates after …
A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): Spectroscopically Complete Census of Obscured Cosmic Star Formation Rate Density at $z=4-6$
The GLASS-JWST Early Release Science Program. V. H$α$ luminosity functions at $z\sim1.3$ and $z\sim2.0$
School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)（中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院）；National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家天文台）；Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学天文与天体物理前沿研究院）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系）；Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University（北京大学物理学院天文学系）；Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University（北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所）；University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics（卢布尔雅那大学数学与物理学院）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校物理与天文学系）
We present the results of a study which uses spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to investigate the evolution of the equivalent width (EW) of the Halpha emission line in star-forming galaxies over the redshift interval 1<z<5. After first demonstrating the ability of our SED-fitting technique to recover EW(Ha) using a sample of galaxies at z~1.3 with EW(Ha) measurements from 3D-HST grism spectroscopy, we proceed to apply our technique to samples of spectroscopically confirmed and photometric-redshift selected star-forming galaxies at z>=1 in the CANDELS UDS and GOODS-S fields. Confining …
We report the first detection of the host galaxy of a strong 2175 Å$ $ dust absorber at z = 2.12 towards the background quasar SDSS J121143.42+083349.7 using HST/WFC3 IR F140W direct imaging and G141 grism spectroscopy. The spectroscopically confirmed host galaxy is located at a small impact parameter of ~ 5.5 kpc (~ 0.65$''$). The F140W image reveals a disk-like morphology with an effective radius of 2.24 $\pm$ 0.08 kpc. The extracted 1D spectrum is dominated by a continuum with weak emission lines ([O\III] and [O\II]). The [O\III]-based unobscured star formation rate (SFR) is 9.4 $\pm$ 2.6 M…
Context: The gravitational lensing time delay method provides a one-step determination of the Hubble constant (H0) with an uncertainty level on par with the cosmic distance ladder method. However, to further investigate the nature of the dark energy, a H0 estimate down to 1% level is greatly needed. This requires dozens of strongly lensed quasars that are yet to be delivered by ongoing and forthcoming all-sky surveys. Aims: In this work we aim to determine the spectroscopic redshift of PSOJ0147, the first strongly lensed quasar candidate found in the Pan-STARRS survey. The main goal of our wor…
The James Webb Space Telescope will provide observational capabilities that far exceed those of current ground- or space-based instrumentation. In particular, the NIRSpec instrument will take highly sensitive spectroscopic data for hundreds of objects simultaneously from 0.6-5.3 microns. Current photometric observations suggest a large and increasing number of faint (M_UV > -16) galaxies at high-redshift, with increasing evidence that galaxies at these redshifts have optical emission lines with extremely high equivalent widths. A simple model of their emission line fluxes and number density ev…
Seven of ten candidate H-alpha emission-line stars found in an objective grism survey of a 1 square degree region in MBM 18, were observed spectroscopically. Four of these have weak H-alpha emission, and 6 out of 7 have spectral types M1-M4V. One star is of type F7-G1V, and has H-alpha in absorption. The spectra of three of the M-stars may show an absorption line of LiI, although none of these is an unambiguous detection. For the six M-stars a good fit is obtained with pre-main-sequence isochrones indicating ages between 7.5 and 15Myr. The molecular cloud mass, derived from the integrated 12CO…
We present the first results from a Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/IR program, which obtained direct imaging and grism observations of galaxies near quasar sightlines with a high frequency of uncorrelated foreground Mg II absorption. These highly efficient observations targeted 54 Mg II absorbers along the line of sight to nine quasars at $z_{qso}\sim2$. We find that 89% of the absorbers in the range $0.64< z < 1.6$ can be spectroscopically matched to at least one galaxy with an impact parameter less than 200 kpc and $|Δz|/(1+z)<0.006$. We have estimated the star formation rates and measured stru…
Spiral arms serve crucial purposes in star formation and galaxy evolution. In this paper, we report the identification of A2744-DSG-$z3$, a dusty, multiarm spiral galaxy at $z=3.059$ using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRISS imaging and grism spectroscopy. A2744-DSG-$z3$ was discovered as a gravitationally lensed sub-millimeter galaxy with ALMA. This is the most distant stellar spiral structure seen thus far, consistent with cosmological simulations which suggest $z\approx3$ as the epoch when spirals emerge. Thanks to the gravitational lensing and excellent spatial resolution of JWST,…
We present an overview and the first data release of ZFIRE, a spectroscopic redshift survey of star-forming galaxies that utilizes the MOSFIRE instrument on Keck-I to study galaxy properties in rich environments at $1.5<z<2.5$. ZFIRE measures accurate spectroscopic redshifts and basic galaxy properties derived from multiple emission lines. The galaxies are selected from a stellar mass limited sample based on deep near infra-red imaging ($\mathrm{K_{AB}<25}$) and precise photometric redshifts from the ZFOURGE and UKIDSS surveys as well as grism redshifts from 3DHST. Between 2013--2015 ZFIRE has…
COSMOS-3D: Diverse Environments and Hot-dust Signatures among Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at $z$ = 4.9-7.2
Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS（中国科学院南美天文中心，国家天文台）；Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile（智利大学天文学系）；Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales（迭戈帕托利亚斯大学工程与科学学院天体物理研究所）；Millennium Nucleus for Galaxies (MINGAL)（星系千年核心计划（MINGAL））；School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院）；Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva（日内瓦大学天文学系）；Steward Observatory, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学斯图德天文台）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics（哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心）；IPAC, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院IPAC）
