4MOST设施模拟器：仪器和科学优化
The 4MOST facility simulator: instrument and science optimisation
摘要：
本文介绍了4米多目标光谱望远镜（4MOST）项目，一个新的调查仪器，欧洲南方天文台VISTA望远镜提出的设施模拟器的设计和实施。4MOST设施模拟器（4FS）有几个作用，首先是优化仪器的设计，其次是为4MOST提出的广域设计参考调查制定调查策略，第三是验证4MOST是否能够按照设计实现其主要科学目标。我们描述了4FS的整体结构，以及一些重要的4FS子系统的细节。我们提出的初步结果，从4FS清楚地说明了有一个功能齐全的设施模拟器的价值非常早在这个大型项目的概念设计阶段。
英文摘要：
This paper describes the design and implementation of a facility simulator for the 4 metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST) project, a new survey instrument proposed for the ESO VISTA telescope. The 4MOST Facility Simulator (4FS) has several roles, firstly to optimise the design of the instrument, secondly to devise a survey strategy for the wide field design reference surveys that are proposed for 4MOST, and thirdly to verify that 4MOST, as designed, can indeed achieve its primary science goals. We describe the overall structure of the 4FS, together with details of some important 4FS subsystems. We present the initial results from the 4FS which illustrate clearly the value of having a functioning facility simulator very early in the conceptual design phase of this large project.
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