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arXiv 1208.3146hep-phhep-latnucl-th
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SU(3)色单性、Polyakov圈和Z(3)对称性对夸克-胶子气体的影响

The consequences of SU(3) colorsingletness, Polyakov Loop and Z(3) symmetry on a quark-gluon gas

Chowdhury Aminul Islam, Raktim Abir, Munshi G. Mustafa, Sanjay K. Ghosh, Rajarshi Ray

摘要:

基于量子统计力学,我们证明了夸克-胶子气体的$SU(3)$色单重系综通过基本表象中的归一化特征而具有$Z(3)$对称性,并且在驻点近似下,与Polyakov圈给出的系综等价.通过考虑空间胶子和空间各点不变的Haar测度,得到了Polyakov圈规范势。$SU(3)$与Polyakov环的归一化特征的概率在表现出强颜色相关性的特定值处被发现是最大的。这清楚地表明了从颜色相关到不相关相位的转变,反之亦然。当规范场中包含夸克时,由于夸克-胶子系统中的明确的$Z(3)$对称破缺,在温度范围$145\le T({\rm{MeV}}) \le 170$内出现了亚稳态。超过$T\ge 170$ MeV,亚稳态消失,出现稳定畴。在低温下,电离的$Z(3)$色荷与色单重态$Z(3)$受限相的动态复合是明显的,伴随着受限背景,该受限背景起源于两个虚空间胶子的循环,但具有闭环中的共轭$Z(3)$相。我们还讨论了高温下退色相中心畴的其他可能结果。

英文摘要:

Based on quantum statistical mechanics we show that the $SU(3)$ color singlet ensemble of a quark-gluon gas exhibits a $Z(3)$ symmetry through the normaized character in fundamental representation and also becomes equivalent, within a stationary point approximation, to the ensemble given by Polyakov Loop. Also Polyakov Loop gauge potential is obtained by considering spatial gluons along with the invariant Haar measure at each space point. The probability of the normalized character in $SU(3)$ vis-a-vis Polyakov Loop is found to be maximum at a particular value exhibiting a strong color correlation. This clearly indicates a transition from a color correlated to uncorrelated phase or vise-versa. When quarks are included to the gauge fields, a metastable state appears in the temperature range $145\le T({\rm{MeV}}) \le 170$ due to the explicit $Z(3)$ symmetry breaking in the quark-gluon system. Beyond $T\ge 170$ MeV the metastable state disappears and stable domains appear. At low temperature a dynamical recombination of ionized $Z(3)$ color charges to a color singlet $Z(3)$ confined phase is evident along with a confining background that originates due to circulation of two virtual spatial gluons but with conjugate $Z(3)$ phases in a closed loop. We also discuss other possible consequences of the center domains in the color deconfined phase at high temperature.

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