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arXiv 1208.3014stat.MLq-bio.QM
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海量结构稀疏的超大型多任务回归的高效算法

Efficient Algorithm for Extremely Large Multi-task Regression with Massive Structured Sparsity

Seunghak Lee, Eric P. Xing

摘要:

我们开发了一种高度可扩展的优化方法,称为“分层组阈值”,用于解决多任务回归模型的输入和输出空间上具有复杂的结构稀疏约束。尽管最近出现了几种有效的优化算法来处理复杂的稀疏诱导正则化器,但在实际的高维问题中,需要强制执行的(数百万个)稀疏模式仍然是一个公开的挑战,因为所有现有的算法必须在每次迭代中穷尽地处理所有这样的模式,这在计算上是禁止的。我们提出的算法解决了可扩展性问题,同时和系统地筛选出多组系数。我们采用层次树表示的组约束,以加快的过程中去除不相关的约束,利用组稀疏性之间的包含关系,从而避免在每个优化步骤中处理所有的约束,并需要优化操作只有少数优秀的系数。在我们的实验中,我们证明了我们的方法在模拟数据集上的效率,并在检测与基因表达性状相关的遗传变异的应用中。

英文摘要:

We develop a highly scalable optimization method called "hierarchical group-thresholding" for solving a multi-task regression model with complex structured sparsity constraints on both input and output spaces. Despite the recent emergence of several efficient optimization algorithms for tackling complex sparsity-inducing regularizers, true scalability in practical high-dimensional problems where a huge amount (e.g., millions) of sparsity patterns need to be enforced remains an open challenge, because all existing algorithms must deal with ALL such patterns exhaustively in every iteration, which is computationally prohibitive. Our proposed algorithm addresses the scalability problem by screening out multiple groups of coefficients simultaneously and systematically. We employ a hierarchical tree representation of group constraints to accelerate the process of removing irrelevant constraints by taking advantage of the inclusion relationships between group sparsities, thereby avoiding dealing with all constraints in every optimization step, and necessitating optimization operation only on a small number of outstanding coefficients. In our experiments, we demonstrate the efficiency of our method on simulation datasets, and in an application of detecting genetic variants associated with gene expression traits.

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