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arXiv 1208.2873cs.LGcs.CLcs.IRcs.SIstat.APstat.ML
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基于统计学习的大规模文本流事件和模式检测

Detecting Events and Patterns in Large-Scale User Generated Textual Streams with Statistical Learning Methods

University of Bristol(布里斯托大学)

Vasileios Lampos

摘要:

大量的文本网络流受到现实世界中出现的事件或现象的影响。社交网络形成了一个优秀的现代范例,其中非结构化的用户生成的内容定期发布,并且在大多数情况下是自由分发的。目前的PhD论文涉及的问题推断信息-或一般模式-在现实生活中出现的事件的基础上,这个文本流的内容。我们表明,它是可以提取有价值的信息,社会现象,如流行病,甚至降雨率,通过自动分析的内容发布在社交媒体,特别是Twitter,使用统计机器学习方法。一个重要的中间任务是形成和识别的功能,其中包括一个目标事件,我们选择和使用这些文本功能在几个线性,非线性和混合推理方法实现了显着良好的性能方面的应用损失函数。通过进一步研究这一丰富的数据集,我们还提出了提取各种类型的情绪信号的方法,揭示了情感规范-至少在社交网络的人口-在白天如何演变,以及现实世界中出现的重大事件如何影响它们。最后,我们提出了一些初步的研究结果,显示了这种文本信息的几个时空特征,以及使用它来解决诸如预测投票意图等任务的潜力。

英文摘要:

A vast amount of textual web streams is influenced by events or phenomena emerging in the real world. The social web forms an excellent modern paradigm, where unstructured user generated content is published on a regular basis and in most occasions is freely distributed. The present Ph.D. Thesis deals with the problem of inferring information - or patterns in general - about events emerging in real life based on the contents of this textual stream. We show that it is possible to extract valuable information about social phenomena, such as an epidemic or even rainfall rates, by automatic analysis of the content published in Social Media, and in particular Twitter, using Statistical Machine Learning methods. An important intermediate task regards the formation and identification of features which characterise a target event; we select and use those textual features in several linear, non-linear and hybrid inference approaches achieving a significantly good performance in terms of the applied loss function. By examining further this rich data set, we also propose methods for extracting various types of mood signals revealing how affective norms - at least within the social web's population - evolve during the day and how significant events emerging in the real world are influencing them. Lastly, we present some preliminary findings showing several spatiotemporal characteristics of this textual information as well as the potential of using it to tackle tasks such as the prediction of voting intentions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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