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arXiv 1208.2272astro-ph.CO
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斯威夫特X射线望远镜星团巡天:GRB场的数据简化和星团编目

The Swift X-ray Telescope Cluster Survey: data reduction and cluster catalog for the GRB fields

Elena Tundo, Alberto Moretti, Paolo Tozzi, Liu Teng, Piero Rosati, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, Sergio Campana

摘要:

我们展示了一个由Swift和X射线望远镜(XRT)偶然观测到的X射线选定星系群和星系团的新样本。我们在银河纬度|b| >20°的336个伽玛暴场中搜索了XRT档案中的扩展源。我们的选择算法产生了一个通量限制的样品72 X射线组和集群具有良好定义的选择功能和可忽略的污染。巡天覆盖范围从40 ° ^2到1 ° ^2,通量极限为10^-14 erg/s/cm^-2(0.5-2 keV)。在这里,我们描述的XRT数据处理,统计校准的调查,并检测集群候选人的目录。所有X射线源均在Swift-XRT软(0.5-2 keV)波段内检测。定义为在45 × 45弧秒的盒子内测量的半功率半径(HPR)的尺寸参数被分配给每个源。我们通过在半功率半径上应用阈值来选择扩展源,并通过广泛的模拟来校准其对测量的净计数和图像背景的依赖性,以便以约99%的概率识别所有扩展源。我们计算我们的样本的logN-logS,发现非常好的协议与以前的深集群调查。与已发表的X射线星表的交叉相关表明,只有9个源已经被探测到,没有一个是扩展的。因此,约90%的来源是新的X射线探测。我们还将我们的源与光学目录进行了交叉关联,找到了20个先前确定的集群。总的来说,大约65%的来源是新发现的。XRT对伽玛暴的后续观测为星系群和星系团提供了一个极好的偶然调查,这主要归功于XRT的低背景和它在整个视场中恒定的角分辨率。大约33%的样品有光谱或光度红移来自公共光学调查。

英文摘要:

(abridged) We present a new sample of X-ray selected galaxy groups and clusters serendipitously observed with Swift and the X-ray Telescope (XRT). We searched the XRT archive for extended sources among 336 GRB fields with galactic latitude |b|>20°. Our selection algorithm yields a flux-limited sample of 72 X-ray groups and clusters with a well defined selection function and negligible contamination. The sky coverage of the survey goes from the total 40 deg^2 to 1 deg^2 at a flux limit of 10^-14 erg/s/cm^-2 (0.5-2 keV). Here we describe the XRT data processing, the statistical calibration of the survey, and the catalog of detected cluster candidates. All the X-ray sources are detected in the Swift-XRT soft (0.5-2 keV) band. A size parameter defined as the half power radius (HPR) measured inside a box of 45x45 arcsec, is assigned to each source. We select extended sources by applying a threshold on the Half Power Radius and we calibrate its dependence on the measured net counts and on the image background with extensive simulations in order to identify all the sources with ~99% probability of being extended. We compute the logN-logS of our sample, finding very good agreement with previous deep cluster surveys. A cross correlation with published X-ray catalogs shows that only 9 sources were already detected, none of them as extended. Therefore, ~90% of our sources are new X-ray detections. We also cross correlated our sources with optical catalogs, finding 20 previously identified clusters. Overall, about ~65% of our sources are new detections. The XRT follow-up observation of GRBs is providing an excellent serendipitous survey for groups and clusters of galaxies, mainly thanks to the low background of XRT and its constant angular resolution across the field of view. About 33% of the sample has spectroscopic or photometric redshifts from public optical surveys.

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