NIMBUS：用于SOFIA的近红外多波段超精密光谱成像仪
NIMBUS: The Near-Infrared Multi-Band Ultraprecise Spectroimager for SOFIA
摘要：
我们提出了一个新的和创新的近红外多波段超精密光谱成像仪（NIMBUS）的SOFIA。这种设计能够通过测量主凌日和掩星期间的元素和分子丰度来表征太阳系外行星大气的大样本。这种宽视场光谱成像仪还将为外海王星天体（TNO）、太阳系掩星、褐矮星大气、球状星团中的碳化学、附近星系中的化学梯度和星系光度红移提供新的见解。NIMBUS将利用SOFIA天文台和最先进的红外技术，成为首屈一指的超精密光谱成像仪。这种光学设计将光束分成八个独立的光谱带通，以1至4微米的关键分子带为中心。每个光谱通道都有很宽的视场，可以同时观测参考星，可以解相关时变大气和光学组件效应，使仪器能够对各种天体物理源的成像和测光实现超精确校准。NIMBUS在大光谱带通范围内产生与低分辨率积分场摄谱仪相同的数据产品，但这种设计消除了传统狭缝和积分场摄谱仪无法进行高精度测量的许多问题。这一仪器概念目前没有开发资金。
英文摘要：
We present a new and innovative near-infrared multi-band ultraprecise spectroimager (NIMBUS) for SOFIA. This design is capable of characterizing a large sample of extrasolar planet atmospheres by measuring elemental and molecular abundances during primary transit and occultation. This wide-field spectroimager would also provide new insights into Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNO), Solar System occultations, brown dwarf atmospheres, carbon chemistry in globular clusters, chemical gradients in nearby galaxies, and galaxy photometric redshifts. NIMBUS would be the premier ultraprecise spectroimager by taking advantage of the SOFIA observatory and state of the art infrared technologies. This optical design splits the beam into eight separate spectral bandpasses, centered around key molecular bands from 1 to 4 microns. Each spectral channel has a wide field of view for simultaneous observations of a reference star that can decorrelate time-variable atmospheric and optical assembly effects, allowing the instrument to achieve ultraprecise calibration for imaging and photometry for a wide variety of astrophysical sources. NIMBUS produces the same data products as a low-resolution integral field spectrograph over a large spectral bandpass, but this design obviates many of the problems that preclude high-precision measurements with traditional slit and integral field spectrographs. This instrument concept is currently not funded for development.
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