高寒地区植被分布格局：异质性和空间依赖性
Patterns in the distribution of vegetation in paramo areas: heterogeneity and spacial dependence
摘要：
探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）的两种方法，空间异质性和依赖性（自相关）的分析，- -被施加到覆盖模式从10帕拉莫地方在哥伦比亚中部和东部科迪勒拉。在研究的地方，高山地区的Serrania德Perija的，帕拉莫地区的洛斯内瓦多斯国家公园，和帕拉莫地区的管理下，瓜维奥拉显示出良好的状态的保护和令人满意的水平之间的连接补丁。人为干预、马铃薯种植面积的扩大以及其他土地利用方式的变化（主要发生在东科迪勒拉山脉的paramos）改变了天然植被类型的分布格局，导致了植被的严重损失。在这种情况下，任何恢复原状的努力都将是困难和昂贵的。在拉鲁西亚、贝伦、瓜蒂瓦（向东山坡）、电信、梅坎塔布拉索等帕拉莫地区、苏马帕斯帕拉莫东北部和卡门德卡鲁帕山东坡及周围地区，这一问题最为严重。在瓜纳卡斯特和拉斯德利西亚斯山区（受普拉塞火山影响的地区），西北部地区的问题更为严重。本研究的结果可以应用于生态恢复和保护，因为它们提供了详细的信息，植被类型和生境连接的分布，生态系统健康的指标。
英文摘要：
Two methods of exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), analysis of spatial heterogeneity and dependence (auto-correlation), - - were applied to the cover patterns from ten paramo localities in the Central and Eastern cordilleras of Colombia. Among the localities studied, the high montane region of the Serrania de Perija, the paramo region of the Los Nevados National Park, and the paramo region under management of CORPOGUAVIO showed a good state of conservation and satisfactory level of connectivity among patches. Anthropic intervention, expansion of potato cultivation and other changes in land use mainly in the paramos of the Cordillera Oriental have alteredd the distribution patterns of natural vegetation types and resulted in significant losses of connectively. Under the circumstancesany attempt to restore the original conditions will be difficult and expensive. This problem is most acute in the paramo localities of La Rusia, Belén, Guantiva (towards the eastern slopes) Telecom, Merchan Tablazo, the northeastern sector of the paramo of Sumapaz and the eastern slopes of the mountains of Carmen de Carupa and surrounding areas. For the mountains of Guanacaste and Las Delicias (areas influenced by the volcano Puracé) the problem is more acute towards the northwestern sector. The results of the present study can be applied to ecological restoration and conservation as they provide detailed information about the distribution of vegetation types andhabitatconnectivity, both indicators of ecosystem health.
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