埃亚菲亚德拉冰盖和格里姆火山火山灰样品的电特性
Electrical properties of volcanic ash samples from Eyjafjallajökull and Grímsvötn
摘要：
众所周知，火山灰会带电，产生自然界中最壮观的闪电。在这里，我们研究了两个不同的冰岛火山灰的电特性-2010年的Eyjafjallajökull和2011年的Grímsvötn。实验室试验研究了由于火山灰通过绝缘圆筒落下而转移到导电板上的电荷。埃亚菲亚德拉火山喷发的火山灰被发现带有轻微的正电荷，而格里姆火山灰则基本上带有负电荷。颗粒直径的体积比的测量显示埃亚菲亚德拉火山灰具有双峰分布，而格里姆斯火山灰具有单峰分布。以前的单物质粒子系统实验表明，较小的粒子带负电，较大的粒子带正电。由于电荷是由单个颗粒携带的，因此电荷很可能由数量尺寸分布决定，因此格里姆火山灰的大负电荷很可能与火山灰的数量尺寸分布内的大量小颗粒有关。
英文摘要：
Volcanic ash is known to charge electrically, producing some of the most spectacular displays of lightning in nature. Here we investigate the electrical characteristics of ash from two different Icelandic volcanoes - Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 and Grímsvötn in 2011. Laboratory tests investigated the charge transferred to a conducting plate due to fall of volcanic ash through an insulating cylinder. Ash from the Eyjafjallajökull eruption was found to charge slightly positively, whilst Grímsvötn ash was substantially negatively charged. Measurement of the volumetric ratio of particle diameters showed the Eyjafjallajökull ash to have a bimodal distribution, and the Grímsvötn ash a monomodal distribution. Previous experiments with single-material particle systems show that smaller particles charge negatively and larger ones positively. Since charge is carried by individual particles, the charging is likely to be dominated by the number size distribution, therefore the large negative charge of the Grímsvötn ash is likely to be related to a large number of small particles within the number size distribution of the ash.
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